Power Enhancement With Grid Stabilization of Renewable Energy-Based Generation System Using UPQC-FLC-EVA Technique

Abstract

The proposed work focuses on the power enhancement of grid-connected solar photovoltaic and wind energy (PV-WE) system integrated with an energy storage system (ESS) and electric vehicles (EVs). The research works available in the literature emphasize only on PV, PV-ESS, WE, and WE-ESS. The enhancement techniques such as Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Generalized UPFC (GUPFC), and Static Var Compensator (SVC) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based techniques including Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC)-UPFC, and Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)-FLC have been perceived in the existing literature for power enhancement. Further, the EVs are emerging as an integral domain of the power grid but because of the uncertainties and limitations involved in renewable energy sources (RESs) and ESS, the EVs preference towards the RES is shifted away. Therefore, it is required to focus on improving the power quality of the PV-WE-ESS-EV system connected with the grid, which is yet to be explored and validated with the available technique for enhancing power quality. Furthermore, in the case of the bidirectional power flow from vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V), optimal controlling is crucial for which an electric vehicle aggregator (EVA) is designed. The designed EVA is proposed for the PV-WE-ESS-EV system so as to obtain the benefits such as uninterruptible power supply, effective the load demand satisfaction, and efficient utilization of the electrical power. The power flow from source to load and from one source to another source is controlled with the support of FLC. The FLC decides the economic utilization of power during peak load and off-peak load. The reduced power quality at the load side is observed as a result of varying loads in the random fashion and this issue is sorted out by using UPQC in this proposed study. From the results, it can be observed that the maximum power is achieved in the case of PV and WE systems with the help of the FLC-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique. Furthermore, the artificial neural network (ANN)-based technique is utilized for the development of the MPPT algorithm which in turn is employed for the validation of the proposed technique. The outputs of both the techniques are compared to select the best-performing technique. A key observation from the results and analysis indicates that the power output from FLC-based MPPT is better than that of ANN-based MPPT. Thus, the proper and economical utilization of power is achieved with the help of FLC and UPQC. It can be inferred that the EVs can play a vital role in imparting the flexibility in terms of power consumption and grid stabilization during peak load and off-peak load durations provided that the proper control techniques and grid integration are well-established. INDEX TERMSPV system, Energy storage system (ESS), electric vehicles (EVs), UPQC, grid stability, fuzzy logic control (flc), electric vehicle aggregator (EVA), MPPT, power improvement.The associate editor coordinating the review of this m...

Artificial Intelligence-based Control Techniques for HVDC Systems

“…It has been proposed that neural networks can manage damping in uniform energy flow control units in order to mitigate low-frequency oscillations in power systems [78]. The improved power performance of a renewable energy-based power system through grid optimization using a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) method is based on the results of the study [79]. Fuzzy logic is used in UPFC controllers to control the shunts and series converters through the implementation of control converters [80].…”

Power Quality Improvement in Distribution System Using Solar Fed Cuk Integrated Boost Converter

“…The destabilization of the power grid takes place if the challenge of PQ is not addressed appropriately. Some of the commonly employed techniques for enhancement of PQ includesStatic Var Compensator (SVC) [12], Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) [13], Static synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) [14], Active Power Filtering (APF) [15], Static Var Generator (SVG) [16] and Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) [17].All these aforementioned techniques solely focusseson the compensation of a particular PQ issue.As a result, UPQC [18][19][20][21][22] is becoming a more popular option owing to its excellent performance in compensating both voltage and current PQ issues, resulting in the overall improvement of the PQ of both load voltage and grid current.In [23], a considerable amount of advancement is seen in tackling the issues of reactive power, harmonics, short interruptions and voltage swells/sags by integrating UPQC with PV.A configuration of PV-UPQC is presented in [24] for tackling voltage and current distortions, while in [25] the modelling, verification and simulation of a 3Φ PV-UPQC is addressed.Although this study field has been experiencing rampant growth, the attempts to integrate UPQC with PV is in initial stages, and there remain certain problems that still needs to be resolved. For instance, the dc-bus voltage stability control issue is directly associated to the PV array's output power along with the compensation capability of the UPQC.…”

Design of Intelligent Controller based High Gain DC-DC Converter for Microgrid applications

“…Inspite of several advantages, the solar PV system has a major disadvantage which is the unpredictable nature of solar energy supply owing to the earth's rotation and environmental factors like temperature variations, cloud formation, changing weather conditons, etc. [1,2]. The power output from PV fluctuates and develops several peaks because of partial shading condition non-uniform irradiance.…”