Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Fluctuation: A Quantitative Probe of Beat-to-Beat Cardiovascular Control

Akselrod, Solange; Gordon, David; Ubel, F. Andrew; Shannon, Daniel C.; Barger, A. Clifford

doi:10.21236/ada106978

Cited by 828 publications

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“…A further interesting result provided by our analysis is that the vagal component of the arterial baroreflex may induce unpredictable fluctuations in heart-period, provided its time delay is increased above 2-3 s. It is worth noting that the spectral components of these fluctuations lie within the socalled Low Frequency band (LF), where heart rate variability signals are frequently reported in the clinical literature [1]. Also in this case, however, the dead times necessary to induce instability phenomena are quite high, compared with physiological levels, and seem expression of a pathological behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Analysis of cardiovascular instability by a mathematical model of baroreflex control

Magosso

Biavati

Ursino

2001 Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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Abstract-A mathematical model of the short-term arterial pressure control is used to investigate the possible origin of blood pressure waves (Mayer waves) and of heart rate variability signals. The model includes a pulsating heart, the pulmonary and systemic circulation, and various feedback regulatory mechanisms. Feedback mechanisms are activated by changes in systemic arterial pressure (arterial baroreflex) and in right atrial pressure (cardiopulmonary baroreflex) and work on systemic resistance, systemic venous unstressed volume, heart contractility and heart period. The latter involves a balance between sympathetic and vagal activities (sympato-vagal balance). A sensitivity analysis on the parameters of feedback mechanisms revealed that a significant increase in the gains and time delays (up to 9 s) of all the arterial baroreflex sympathetic mechanisms is required to induce instability. In this condition, systemic arterial pressure exhibits spontaneous oscillations with a period of about 20 s, similar to Mayer waves. Moreover, an increase in the gain and time delay (up to 3.5 s) of the arterial baroreflex vagal mechanism causes the appearance of unpredictable fluctuations in heart period, with spectral components in the range 0.08-0.12 Hz. The cardiopulmonary baroreflex plays a less important role in the genesis of the aforementioned instability phenomena.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…These oscillations were first recognized by Sigmund Mayer in 1876 and subsequently observed by many other authors in a variety of conditions, both in experimental animals and humans (for a review see [1,2]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of cardiovascular instability by a mathematical model of baroreflex control

Magosso

Biavati

Ursino

2001 Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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“…The first of these is at low frequency (0.02-0.1 Hz) which contains information about both the /I-adrenergic and parasympathetic moderators of the heart rate. The second is at the respiratory rate which contains information about the parasympathetic activity (5). Since only the low frequency power was found to be different between cases and controls from the previous study, these findings suggest that there is an increase in sympathetic activity in the cases.…”

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confidence: 61%

Analysis of Heart Rate and Respiratory Patterns in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Victims and Control Infants

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. Retrospective analyses of patterns of breathing and heart rate variability obtained by visual inspection and spectral analysis of ECG and respiratory activity have provided markers associated with subsequent death in a referred population of infants at high risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Such markers include breathing patterns characterized by excessive apneic pauses and periodic breathing, heart rate spectra characterized by increased low frequency oscillations, and respiratory activity spectra characterized by a widened "bandwidth" during regular breathing. To test whether such measurements could distinguish SIDS cases and randomly selected controls from a population study the data from 10 cases and 100 age-matched control subjects were analyzed blind. The code was disclosed after completion of the analysis. We found that none of the markers served to distinguish the SIDS cases from the controls in the population at large. This observation may indicate important physiological differences between infants destined to die in the referred high risk population and infants who die of SIDS at large. The possible reasons for our inability to identify the group of SIDS in the general population, as compared to the group of deaths in the referred high risk group are: (1) different disease processes in the two groups, (2) difference responses to the same disease process in the two groups, (3) a response reflecting the psychosocial setting of the referred high risk population, (4) methodological differences between this and previous studies. We conclude that these markers are not of value in screening the population at large. (Pediatr Res 20: 680-684, 1986) Abbreviations HR, heart rate SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome Received August 14, 195; accepted February 18, 1986. Correspondence Dr. D. Gordon, Pediatric Cardiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, University of Illinois Hospital Box 6998, Chicago, IL 60680.Supported by the Reynolds Foundation, the Healthdyne Company, MESCO, the McGraw Foundation, the National Foundation for Sudden Infant Death, PhysioParameters, Inc., the Scholl Foundation, NSF Grant ECS8 12 157 1, Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-80-C-0520, USAF School of Aerospace Medicine Award F33615-84-C-0601, and NASA Grant NAG2-327. JMR was supported by the U.K. Foundation for the Study of Infant Death and DPS was supported by the British Heart Foundation.Several patterns of breathing and heart rate variation have been identified in infants referred for evaluation for high risk of SIDS which appear to distinguish them from infants not at risk ( 1-3). High levels of periodic breathing and apneic pauses ( 1, 3, 4) have been identified by visual inspection of respiratory activity recordings in the high risk infant referred for evaluation. Power spectrum analysis demonstrated two spectral variables that were increased in referred high risk babies who subsequently died suddenly, unexpectedly, and without explanation (2): the power of oscillation in heart rate with a period of a...

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“…As future study, we will investigate the psycho-physiological effects of the sound stimuli inducing different relaxation feeling with spectral analysis [Akselrod et al, 1981]. With the analysis, we can separately evaluates autonomic nervous activities based on heartbeat intervals; sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of temporal change in heartbeat in transition of sound and music stimuli

Fukumoto¹,

Hasegawa²

2011

Biometrics

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Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Fluctuation: A Quantitative Probe of Beat-to-Beat Cardiovascular Control

Abstract: It has long been recognized that the instantaneous heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and other hemodynamic parameters fluctuate on a beat-to-beat ba-

Cited by 828 publications

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Analysis of cardiovascular instability by a mathematical model of baroreflex control

Analysis of cardiovascular instability by a mathematical model of baroreflex control

Analysis of Heart Rate and Respiratory Patterns in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Victims and Control Infants

Investigation of temporal change in heartbeat in transition of sound and music stimuli

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