Power system protection with digital overcurrent relays: A review of non-standard characteristics

Kiliçkiran, Hasan Can; Şengör, İbrahim; Akdemir, Hüseyi̇n; Kekezoğlu, Bedri; Erdinç, Ozan; Paterakis, Nikolaos G.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2018.07.008

Cited by 82 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Power system protection schemes are the final defense for preventing the cascading events [19,20]. Under frequency load shedding (UFLS) and under voltage load shedding (UVLS) techniques are in use to maintain the frequency and voltage of the system in case of large disturbances.…”

Section: An Overview and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the onset of frequency/voltage decline, up until the predefined threshold is violated, there is a small time window to implement all required restorative actions [21][22][23]. Protective schemes have been implemented for different power systems across the world [19]. They are aimed at preventing the system from further separation in the event of a disturbance [20,24].…”

Section: An Overview and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges

et al. 2019

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Power systems are the most complex systems and have great importance in modern life. They have direct impacts on the modernization, economic, political and social aspects. To operate such systems in a stable mode, several control and protection techniques are required. However, modern systems are equipped with several protection schemes with the aim of avoiding the unpredicted events and power outages, power systems are still encountering emergency and mal-operation situations. The most severe emergencies put the whole or at least a part of the system in danger. If the emergency is not well managed, the power system is likely to have cascading failures that might lead to a blackout. Due to the consequences, many countries around the world have research and expert teams who work to avoid blackouts on their systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the major blackouts and cascading events that have occurred in the last decade are introduced. A particular focus is given on the US power system outages and their causes since it is one of the leading power producers in the world and it is also due to the ready availability of data for the past events. The paper also highlights the root causes of different blackouts around the globe. Furthermore, blackout and cascading analysis methods and the consequences of blackouts are surveyed. Moreover, the challenges in the existing protective schemes and research gaps in the topic of power system blackout and cascading events are marked out. Research directions and issues to be considered in future power system blackout studies are also proposed.

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Section: An Overview and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Overview and Motivationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges

et al. 2019

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“…The OC relays are used as the main protection devices for radial distribution systems [30]. An OC relay measures the current flowing through it and determines whether to send a signal to open a circuit breaker [26,36].…”

Section: Settings Of Protective Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Recloser on Protecting Blind Areas of Distribution Network in the Presence of Distributed Generation

et al. 2019

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The protection relay issues increase with the penetration of distributed generation (DG) units in distribution networks. Blind protection, sympathetic tripping and failure of reclosing are the frequent problems that are created by adding DG to the distribution networks. This research focuses on the impact of reclosers on overcurrent relay blind protection areas with DGs embedded in the distribution network. The protection blinding in overcurrent relays leads to a delay or non-tripping of the relay. The conventional solution for the blinding issue is to increase the sensitivity in the relay settings. The variation of relay settings may cause problems in the distribution network. This paper investigates the effect of reclosers on eliminating blind areas and improves the reliability in the presence of DG. In this way, possible blind points of the case study are detected, and recloser relays are then installed in appropriate locations. The case study is based on realistic data of a distribution network. The DG consists of two generators with a capacity of 4 MW. The simulation is performed in DIgSILENT software.

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“…In [20], the concept of non-standard features for overcurrent protection coordination in power systems is described. Non-standard features are those not described neither in IEEE nor in IEC (international electrotechnical commission) standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays in Microgrids Considering a Non-Standard Characteristic

2020

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The optimal coordination of overcurrent relays (OCRs) has recently become a major challenge owing to the ever-increasing participation of distributed generation (DG) and the multi-looped structure of modern distribution networks (DNs). Furthermore, the changeable operational topologies of microgrids has increased the complexity and computational burden to obtain the optimal settings of OCRs. In this context, classical approaches to OCR coordination might no longer be sufficient to provide a reliable performance of microgrids both in the islanded and grid-connected operational modes. This paper proposes a novel approach for optimal coordination of directional OCRs in microgrids. This approach consists of considering the upper limit of the plug setting multiplier (PSM) as a variable instead of a fixed parameter as usually done in traditional approaches for OCRs coordination. A genetic algorithm (GA) was implemented to optimize the limits of the maximum PSM for the OCRs coordination. Several tests were performed with an IEC microgrid benchmark network considering several operational modes. Results showed the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach. A comparison with other studies reported in the specialized literature is provided showing the advantages of the proposed approach.

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Power system protection with digital overcurrent relays: A review of non-standard characteristics

Cited by 82 publications

References 94 publications

A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges

A Survey on Power System Blackout and Cascading Events: Research Motivations and Challenges

Impact of Recloser on Protecting Blind Areas of Distribution Network in the Presence of Distributed Generation

Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays in Microgrids Considering a Non-Standard Characteristic

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