Power System Relaying

Horowitz, Stanley H.; Phadke, A.G.

doi:10.1002/9780470758786

Cited by 444 publications

(344 citation statements)

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“…We specify a load scenario by setting L ¼ 200 MW and choose as the transmission capacity V 2 /X ¼ 1,600 MW, which corresponds 7 to a 400-km-long line at a voltage of 380 kV. Furthermore, we set M ¼ 40 Â 10 3 kg m 2 , which amounts to 35 assuming the inertia of a 400 MW power plant at each node. Note that the average installed generation capacity per node in the Northern European extrahigh-voltage transmission grid is indeed 400 MW (amounting to a total 36 of 96 GW).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How dead ends undermine power grid stability

et al. 2014

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The cheapest and thus widespread way to add new generators to a high-voltage power grid is by a simple tree-like connection scheme. However, it is not entirely clear how such locally cost-minimizing connection schemes affect overall system performance, in particular the stability against blackouts. Here we investigate how local patterns in the network topology influence a power grid's ability to withstand blackout-prone large perturbations. Employing basin stability, a nonlinear concept, we find in numerical simulations of artificially generated power grids that tree-like connection schemes-so-called dead ends and dead trees-strongly diminish stability. A case study of the Northern European power system confirms this result and demonstrates that the inverse is also true: repairing dead ends by addition of a few transmission lines substantially enhances stability. This may indicate a topological design principle for future power grids: avoid dead ends.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How dead ends undermine power grid stability

et al. 2014

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“…Recovery inrush may occur when voltage returns to the normal value after clearance of a temporary fault or a momentary voltage dip. The severe recovery inrush is generated when a three-phase external fault occurring in the vicinity of the transformer has been cleared, causing the voltage to suddenly return to its normal value [7]. However, it is observed that the severity of recovery inrush is not as high as that of the initial inrush.…”

Section: B1magnetizing Inrushmentioning

confidence: 86%

Distinguishing the Various Faults in transformer and Its Protection Using Support Vector Machine

athan¹,

ithra²

2015

IJAREEIE

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This paper presents a new differential protection scheme based on support vector machine (SVM), which delivers effective distinguish between internal faults in a power transformer with the other disturbance, such as overexcitation conditions. In existing method, the internal faults only considered and the linear programming method detects the faults at one set value of the system. In the proposed method, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to detect the various types of faults in the system. An SVM classifier gives identical promising results for CT saturation, different connection type, and various ratings of the transformer, even though it is trained only once for a single rating and connection of a transformer. This scheme provides a fault tripping time is 10 ms. Numerous simulation cases consisting of internal faults and other disturbance have been simulated with varying fault and system parameters for an existing power transformer using the MATLAB/Simulink software package.

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“…This relaying technique is applied on power transformers protection, buses protection, and large motors and generators protection among others (Anderson, 1999). Considering power transformers rated above 10 MVA, the percentage differential relay with harmonic restraint is the most used protection scheme (Horowitz & Phadke, 2008). The percentage differential relay can be implemented with an over-current relay (R) and operation (o) and restriction coils (r), as illustrated on Fig.…”

Section: Percentage Differential Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inherent characteristic of power transformers introduce a number of unique problems that are not present in the protection of transmission lines, generators, motors or other power system apparatus (Horowitz & Phadke, 2008). When PT internal faults occur, immediate disconnection of the faulted transformer is necessary to avoid extensive damage and/or preserve power system stability and power quality (Harlow, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%