Power Transformer Tank Rupture and Mitigation—A Summary of Current State of Practice and Knowledge by the Task Force of IEEE Power Transformer Subcommittee

Abi-Samra, N.; Arteaga, Joaquin; Darovny, B.; Foata, M.; Herz, John H.; Lee, T.; Nguyen, Van Nhi; Périgaud, Guillaume; Swinderman, C.; Thompson, R.L.; Zhang, Ge; Zhao, Peiyi

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2009.2028817

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…12 was identical to the DFR record, it's predicted that the possible cause of transformer failure was internal arcing on phase R of primary winding (150 kV). According to the reference [10][11][12][13][14], internal arcing during fault could deform transformer tank which was similar to what happened in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Investigation of transformer failure in Indonesia

Harsono¹,

Kusuma²,

Munir³

et al. 2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Transformer failure investigation is important to obtain necessary actions which prevent similar failure from happening in the future. An investigation was conducted upon the failure of a transformer in Indonesia which damaged substation apparatuses nearby. To determine possible cause of the failure, the investigation was performed by doing visual inspection after failure, further analysis on related historical assessment result data and simulation using related nameplate and actual configuration. Most historical assessment result data showed no early failure indication of the transformer, while sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA) test result showed severe deformation on both primary and secondary winding. A simulation using Transient Analysis Program for internal short circuit between winding and ground was conducted and the output waveform was identical to Digital Fault Recorder (DFR) waveform data during transformer failure. Therefore, the possible cause of transformer failure was internal arcing on primary winding to ground which could not be interrupted by the protection system. According to visual inspection after failure, the possible cause of protection system malfunction was accidental open circuit in Current Transformer (CT) secondary circuit which damaged whole CT wiring.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Investigation of transformer failure in Indonesia

Harsono¹,

Kusuma²,

Munir³

et al. 2018

MATEC Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to the law of energy conservation, power energy of the faults converts into heat, kinetic and other forms of energy during internal arc duration. In 2009, the task force of IEEE power transformer subcommittee summarized the following [ 1 ]: the overpressure phenomenon inside transformer occurs when an internal arcing fault causes generation of large volume of decomposed gas; once the combined effect of the static overpressure and dynamic pressure wave propagation exceed the mechanical strength of the transformer tank, tank deformation or explosion is inevitable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Methods for the Analysis of Power Transformer Tank Deformation and Rupture Due to Internal Arcing Faults

et al. 2015

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Power transformer rupture and fire resulting from an arcing fault inside the tank usually leads to significant security risks and serious economic loss. In order to reveal the essence of tank deformation or explosion, this paper presents a 3-D numerical computational tool to simulate the structural dynamic behavior due to overpressure inside transformer tank. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 17.3MJ and a 6.3MJ arcing fault were simulated on a real full-scale 360MVA/220kV oil-immersed transformer model, respectively. By employing the finite element method, the transformer internal overpressure distribution, wave propagation and von-Mises stress were solved. The numerical results indicate that the increase of pressure and mechanical stress distribution are non-uniform and the stress tends to concentrate on connecting parts of the tank as the fault time evolves. Given this feature, it becomes possible to reduce the risk of transformer tank rupture through limiting the fault energy and enhancing the mechanical strength of the local stress concentrative areas. The theoretical model and numerical simulation method proposed in this paper can be used as a substitute for risky and costly field tests in fault overpressure analysis and tank mitigation design of transformers.

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“…More seriously, the high-energy arc vaporises the surrounding oil, generating a flammable gas bubble and resulting in sudden overpressure within the narrow compartment. Once the internal pressure exceeds the limit, the head cover or compartment base can rupture or explode [5]. Since 2018, several inter-tap short-circuit faults have occurred successively in UHVDC systems in China, and three of them eventually led to explosions and fire accidents [6,7], which caused disastrous damage to property, the environment and the public.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional field–circuit coupling analysis of converter transformer inter‐tap short‐circuit faults in on‐load tap changers

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Converter transformer inter‐tap short‐circuit faults in on‐load tap changers have occurred successively in recent years, resulting in severe accidents and enormous losses. Due to the lack of an effective model and credible arc‐in‐oil conductance parameters, related fault analysis has remained a challenge. This paper develops a bidirectional field–circuit coupling method for modelling inter‐tap faults, in which the electromagnetic field and electric circuit are directly coupled and simultaneously solved. After verification based on on‐site arcing tests, the Schavemaker model is applied to calculate the non‐linear arc conductance. Taking a ±800 kV UHVDC system as a study case, inter‐tap faults in a 415 MVA/500 kV converter transformer are simulated and analysed. Under an inter‐tap fault, the flux distribution is significantly distorted, with large radial leakage fluxes near the shorted turns, and the circulating current can reach tens or even hundreds of kiloamperes. Further calculation results for faults between various taps indicate that leakage flux distortion and the change in the transformation ratio are the main factors influencing the short‐circuit current. These representative findings effectively reveal the variation characteristics of the leakage flux and the short‐circuit current as well as the non‐linear relationship between fault severity and tap position under inter‐tap faults.

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Power Transformer Tank Rupture and Mitigation—A Summary of Current State of Practice and Knowledge by the Task Force of IEEE Power Transformer Subcommittee

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Investigation of transformer failure in Indonesia

Investigation of transformer failure in Indonesia

Numerical Methods for the Analysis of Power Transformer Tank Deformation and Rupture Due to Internal Arcing Faults

Bidirectional field–circuit coupling analysis of converter transformer inter‐tap short‐circuit faults in on‐load tap changers

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