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Stan'kov, I. N.; Sergeeva, A. A.; Derevyagina, I. D.; Konovalov, K. V.

doi:10.1023/a:1022362206338

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Solvents were selected based on the available literature for organophosphorus nerve agent extraction. Pure hexane was clearly insufficient, although it had been reported to allow excellent VX recovery from water solutions mixed with high concentrations of “salting-out” reagents . However, salt concentrations used by Stan'kov et al are much higher than the concentration of Tris we used and may account for the difference observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Pure hexane was clearly insufficient, although it had been reported to allow excellent VX recovery from water solutions mixed with high concentrations of “salting-out” reagents . However, salt concentrations used by Stan'kov et al are much higher than the concentration of Tris we used and may account for the difference observed. Therefore, dichloromethane, reported as allowing VX extraction from complex mixtures, was used in combination with hexane, which allowed us to recover VX satisfactorily (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Extraction of Nerve Agent VX from Soils

2004

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The development and optimization of a method allowing the extraction of intact organophosphorus chemical warfare agent O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothiolate (VX) from several types of soils are presented here. This involved the selection of an appropriate buffer to bring the sample to a pH close to the pK(a) of VX but sufficiently low to avoid its basic hydrolysis. Buffering with Tris (pH 9) and subsequent extraction of the aqueous layer by a 85:15 (v/v) hexane/dichloromethane mixture allows rapid and sensitive flame photometric detection of VX at spiking levels lower than 10 microg x g(-1), even after 3 months of aging. Extraction yields were close to 60% in complex matrixes. This method also allows recovery and identification of a characteristic degradation product of VX, bis(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) disulfide, which appears to be formed during the aging process. The performance of this method is far better than that of OPCW reference operating procedure, which does not allow extraction of detectable amounts of VX (spiked at 10 microg x g(-1)) in one of the soils used for this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%