PPARs at the crossroads of lipid signaling and inflammation

Wahli, Walter; Michalik, Liliane

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2012.05.001

Cited by 577 publications

(482 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Additional evidence for the role of inflammation in the genesis of PSD and as a viable target for the treatment of PSD includes the fact that treatment with pioglitazone, as opposed to metformin, decreases PSD in patients with diabetes [110]. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists like pioglitazone have both anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties [111,112]. And in a recent trial of secondary stroke prevention, pioglitazone decreased CRP in patients with insulin resistance [113].…”

Section: Therapeutic Approaches To the Treatment Of Depression: A Focmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke

Becker

2016

Neurotherapeutics

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Depression and fatigue are common after stroke and negatively impact the quality of life of stroke survivors. The biological bases of these symptoms are unknown, but an abundance of data point to a role for inflammation. This review highlights evidence supporting the contribution of inflammation to poststroke depression and poststroke fatigue. Potential treatments for poststroke depression and poststroke fatigue are explored, with a special emphasis on those that modulate the immune response.

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Section: Therapeutic Approaches To the Treatment Of Depression: A Focmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke

Becker

2016

Neurotherapeutics

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“…The enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) initiates the COX or LOX pathway by catalyzing the hydrolysis of AA from the membrane phospholipids. LOX acts on liberated free AA to generate hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids, which are unstable intermediates, being further either hydrolyzed into hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) via lipoxygenase catalysis or by non-enzymatic oxidative reactions (Niki et al 2005), or enzymatically converted into leukotrienes such as 5(6)-epoxy(oxido)eicosatetraenoic acid (leukotriene A4; LTA4) and lipoxins, which may be involved in important physiological events such as inflammation (Wahli and Michalik 2012). On the other hand, the HETE are PPARc agonists and may influence cellular differentiation (Ban et al 2011;Yu et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of arachidonic acid on the concentration of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in culture media of mesenchymal stromal cells differentiating into adipocytes or osteoblasts

et al. 2013

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Metabolites derived from the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may modulate the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) differentiation. Such cells can differentiate into different cellular types, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. Aging favors the bone marrow MSC differentiation toward the former, causing a loss of bone density associated with pathologies like osteoporosis. The omega-6 arachidonic acid (AA) favors MSC adipogenesis to a greater extent than omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In this work, we study the joint action of both PUFA. Thus, not induced and induced to adipocyte or osteoblast MSC were treated with 20 lM of each PUFA (either AA, AA ? DHA or AA ? EPA). The expression of osteogenic and adipogenic molecular markers, the alox15b lipoxygenase gene expression and the 5-, 8-, 11-, 12-and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) derived from the AA metabolism in the culture media were determined. The results show that the adipogenesis induction of AA is not suppressed by the joint presence of EPA and DHA. In fact, both increased the adipogenic effect of AA on MSC differentiated into osteoblasts. The different HETE concentrations increased in cultures supplemented with AA, albeit such concentrations were lower in the cultures induced to differentiate, mainly at day 21 after the induction. Furthermore, the reduction in the HETE concentration was correlated with a higher expression of the alox15b gene. These results highlight the PUFA metabolism differences between uninduced and induced MSC to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts, besides the relevant role of the lipoxygenase gene expression in adipogenesis induction.

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“…This suggests that ER may interfere with the adipocyte pathway, which is critical in GO development. In addition to adipocyte differentiation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have also been associated with inflammatory processes (18). Thus, ERA would not only be involved in the onset of the inflammatory process, but also in the development of GO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression of estrogen receptor-alpha in orbital fibroblasts in Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Cury

Oliveira

Síbio

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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SUMMARYGraves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is one of the most severe clinical manifestations of Graves' disease (GD), and its treatment might involve high-dose glucocorticoid therapy. The higher incidence of GO among females, and the reported association between polymorphisms of estrogen receptor (ER) and GD susceptibility have led us to question the role of estrogen and its receptor in GO pathogenesis. We, thus, assessed estrogen receptor-alpha (ERA) gene expression in cultures of orbital fibroblasts from a patient with GO before (controls) and after treatment with 10 nM and 100 nM dexamethasone (DEX). Orbital fibroblasts showed ERA gene expression. In the cells treated with 10 nM and 100 nM DEX, ERA gene expression was, respectively, 85% higher and 74% lower, than in the control group. We concluded that ERA gene expression is found in the orbital fibroblasts of patient with GO, which may be affected by glucocorticoids in a dose-related manner. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):273-6

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PPARs at the crossroads of lipid signaling and inflammation

Cited by 577 publications

References 114 publications

Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke

Inflammation and the Silent Sequelae of Stroke

Effects of arachidonic acid on the concentration of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in culture media of mesenchymal stromal cells differentiating into adipocytes or osteoblasts

Gene expression of estrogen receptor-alpha in orbital fibroblasts in Graves’ ophthalmopathy

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