Practical design for compact image scanner with large depth of field by compound eye system

Kawano, Hiroyuki; Okamoto, Tatsuki; Nakajima, Hirochika; Takushima, Shigeru; Toyoda, Yoshitaka; Yamanaka, S.; Funakura, Tetsuo; Yamagata, Kosaku; Matsuzawa, Taku; Kunieda, Tatsuya; Minobe, Tadashi

doi:10.1364/oe.22.018010

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The artificial compound eye imaging system can also be used in fingerprint capture [152], as well as projector [153][154][155], and scanner applications [156].…”

Section: Navigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems

et al. 2019

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The natural compound eye has received much attention in recent years due to its remarkable properties, such as its large field of view (FOV), compact structure, and high sensitivity to moving objects. Many studies have been devoted to mimicking the imaging system of the natural compound eye. The paper gives a review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems. Firstly, we introduce the imaging principle of three types of natural compound eye. Then, we divide current artificial compound eye imaging systems into four categories according to the difference of structural composition. Readers can easily grasp methods to build an artificial compound eye imaging system from the perspective of structural composition. Moreover, we compare the imaging performance of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems, which provides a reference for readers to design system parameters of an artificial compound eye imaging system. Next, we present the applications of the artificial compound eye imaging system including imaging with a large FOV, imaging with high resolution, object distance detection, medical imaging, egomotion estimation, and navigation. Finally, an outlook of the artificial compound eye imaging system is highlighted.

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“…The artificial compound eye imaging system can also be used in fingerprint capture [152], as well as projector [153][154][155], and scanner applications [156].…”

Section: Navigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems

et al. 2019

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“…We previously developed two types of image scanners to achieve compactness: a lensless image scanner 9 and a compound eye image scanner implementing the above electrical combining processing. 10,11 Although the former type is very thin, its 300-dpi resolution is insufficient for a copier. The latter consists of plural reflective mirror imaging units, resulting in no chromatic aberration; however, high accuracy in the mirror shape and alignment, especially the tilt adjustment, is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound eye image scanner optimally arranged for image combining and suppressing axial chromatic aberration by wavefront coding

et al. 2021

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A compound eye optical system design allows us to construct a compact image scanner with a large field of view and a large depth of field, both of which are beneficial for use in a copier's flatbed scanner. Our prototypes are constructed of 32 or 28 imaging units, which are ommatidia, and the representations from the imaging units are electrically combined. Since the arrangement of the imaging units is a key factor in combining the images correctly without any loss at the boundaries, we discuss two types of arrangements along with results of their prototypes: a one-line arrangement of varying magnification imaging units and a two-line staggered arrangement of telecentric imaging units. We also discuss the effectiveness of wavefront coding (WFC) in suppressing chromatic aberration, which is caused using cheap refractive imaging units, along with experimental results of applying both cubic-and quartic-phase-modulated WFC. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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“…Natural insect eyes with special structures typified by dragon-fly [1], [2], arthropod [3] and fruit fly [4] have become an attractive research due to their preeminent abilities such as low aberration [5], moving detection [6], and wide FOV [7], etc. These compound eyes are usually made up of thousands of small close-connected lens arranged on spherical surface [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Modulated Maskless Lithography for the Efficient Fabrication of Compound Eyes With Enlarged Field-of-View

Liu

Deng

et al. 2019

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, a method of dose-modulated maskless lithography (DMML) with high efficiency for the fabrication of a special compound-eyes array with enlarged field-ofview is proposed. Before the fabrication process, practical measurements were primarily conducted to quantify the dose-modulated effect. Next, a digital gray pattern, generated according to the required exposure dose distribution of the design structure, was adopted as a virtual mask to modulate the exposure depth point-by-point. In this way, the whole exposure process requires only one-step. Besides, because the DMML uses sequential gray-levels to modulate the exposure depth, the fabricated structure has a more continuous profile surface. Combined with the thermal reflow process, and the pattern reversion process, the compound eyes array was transferred to the planar polydimethylsiloxane films with high quality. Subsequent tests reveal that the physical performance of fabricated compound eyes array, including the surface profile and the rotated orientation, has a good agreement with our design.

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Practical design for compact image scanner with large depth of field by compound eye system

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems

Review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems

Compound eye image scanner optimally arranged for image combining and suppressing axial chromatic aberration by wavefront coding

Dose-Modulated Maskless Lithography for the Efficient Fabrication of Compound Eyes With Enlarged Field-of-View

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