Practical Physiological Chemistry

Hawk, P. B.; Oser, Bernard L.; Summerson, Willliam H.

doi:10.1097/00000441-195507000-00025

Cited by 301 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…The composition of mature breast-milk may undergo some variation depending on the mother's nutritional status and the duration of lactation (Hawk et al, 1954;Bitman et al, 1983;Brown et al, 1986;Lonnerdal, 1986;Yoneyama et al, 1994). Under mother's optimal nutrition and living conditions, breast-milk alone provides enough energy from fat and all n 6 , n 3 parent essential fatty acids (EFAs) as well as derived long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) to meet the infant's requirements for normal development, at least until 4-6 months of age (FAO/WHO, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Al-Tamer

Mahmood

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To investigate the lipid content and fatty acid (FA) composition, especially n 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n 3 LCPUFAs) of mature breast-milk of Iraqi mothers and their relation to the socioeconomic status of the mothers. Design: A collection of mature breast-milk of mothers with three different socioeconomic status (lactation period 571 month). Setting: Mosul province (in the north of Iraq). Subjects: Mature breast-milk samples were obtained from a group of 20-to 35-year-old mothers with different socioeconomic status: high urban (HU, n ¼ 25), low urban (LU, n ¼ 15) and typical suburban (SU, n ¼ 25). Procedure: Mature-milk samples were collected from each lactating mother. The lipid components of each sample, namely triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (C) and phospholipids (PLs) were determined enzymatically. After their separation and esterification, FAs were determined as FA methyl esters by capillary gas chromatography. Results: The percentages of n 3 LCPUFAs were 0.4870.025, 0.3770.029 and 0.3870.018% for HU, LU and SU mothers, respectively. The amount of TGs, the major component of milk lipid, was 5.6470.24, 5.2171.61 and 3.2170.92 g/100 ml for HU, SU and LU mothers, respectively. The milk-lipid content varied with the socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The socioeconomic status of lactating mothers affected the lipid content and FA composition, especially the level of n 3 LCPUFAs (the very important structural constituents of the retina, brain and other nervous tissues). Mature breast-milk for the studied groups was low in n 3 LCPUFAs compared with that of mothers from developed countries and that recommended by WHO for optimum infant nutrition. Sponsorship: Supported by grants from Department of Chemistry, University of Mosul. The analysis of FA methyl ester samples was performed at the National

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Al-Tamer

Mahmood

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Biochemical estimations Calcium content was determined by following the method of Hawk et al (1968) using dry ashing method. Estimations of iron, phosphorus and oxalates were carried out by the standardized methods of Raghuramulu et al (1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minerals and antinutrients profile of rabadi after different traditional preparation methods

Gupta

Nagar

2012

J Food Sci Technol

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Rabadi is a cereal and buttermilk based traditional fermented recipe of western region of India. There are many traditional preparation methods, which may alter biochemical composition of rabadi, therefore, in the present study, role of traditional processings (cooking, fermentation, dehulling, utensil, preparation methods and cereals) on minerals and antinutrients of pearl millet, wheat flour and refined wheat flour rabadi was investigated on fresh weight basis. Results showed that the process of cooking and fermentation enhanced minerals (Ca, Fe and P) in all types of rabadi samples at different levels of significance, while antinutrients (phytic acid, total phenols and oxalates) reflected a declining trend. Intercomparison of different types of rabadies exhibited that fermented-cooked -fermented samples were better than cooked -fermented rabadies. Dehulling caused a loss of minerals, but antinutrients were also degraded after dehulling; therefore dehulled sample showed very good nutritional profile after fermentation. Earthen pot rabadi samples presented better biochemical composition than rabadies prepared in steel pot. Intercomparison of different cereals based rabadies reflected superior position of fermented -cooked-fermented pearl millet flour rabadi than cooked-fermented pearl millet flour rabadi, wheat and refined wheat flour rabadi samples.

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“…Single cases aged 8 to 30 years showed peritonitis following traumatic perforation epidemic meningitis ; acute malaria of the spleen and liver, with intense bilharzia of the liver; pulmonary congestion and oedema following an abortion, with fatty liver degeneration; and liver cirrhosis accompanied by tuberculosis of both lungs. Bilharzia Phospholipid.-This was extracted by the standard method for serum, using hot 3: 1 alcohol: ether (Hawk, Oser and Summerson, 1954 (Kuttner and Lichtenstein, 1932;Glick, 1934) and phospholid taken as P x 25.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Acids and Other Lipids in the Gall-Bladder Biles of Africans with Primary Cancer of the Liver

Mirvish¹

1964

Br J Cancer

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Practical Physiological Chemistry

Cited by 301 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Minerals and antinutrients profile of rabadi after different traditional preparation methods

Bile Acids and Other Lipids in the Gall-Bladder Biles of Africans with Primary Cancer of the Liver

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