Praeruptorin C alleviates cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic mice through restoring PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway

Abstract

Diabetic encephalopathy is a common consequence of diabetes mellitus that causes cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disorders. Praeruptorin C (Pra‐C) from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. is a potential antioxidant and neuroprotective agent. This study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of Pra‐C on diabetic cognitive impairment. A novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test were performed to assess the behavioral performance of mice. Electrophysiological recordings were made to monitor synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. A protein–protein interaction network of putative Pra‐C targets was constructed, and molecular docking simulations were performed to predict the potential mechanisms of the action of Pra‐C. Protein expression levels were detected by western blotting. Pra‐C administration significantly lowered body weight and fasting blood glucose levels and alleviated learning and memory deficits in type 2 diabetic mice. Network pharmacology and molecular docking results suggested that Pra‐C affects the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Western blot analysis confirmed significant increases in phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, and GSK3β levels in vivo and in vitro upon Pra‐C administration. Pra‐C alleviated cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic mice by activating PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway.

Dual Action of Reduced Allergenicity and Improved Memory of Instant Soybean Powder Hydrolysates

“…Behavioral tests were widely applied to the evaluation of assisted memory improvement in test samples, including the passive avoidance test, the MWM test, and the NOR test. , Behavior tests were carried out in mice to investigate the assisted improvement of memory by ISP before and after enzymatic hydrolysis treatment. Results of the passive avoidance test are illustrated in Figure A, and the number of electric shocks to the feet of mice in the ISP group was significantly reduced compared to that of the BC group ( P < 0.05).…”

“…The hippocampus was an important region of the central nervous system of the brain, which was closely associated with learning memory and cognitive functions . It was an essential part of the cholinergic system consisting of CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG), where the DG area was the first area in the hippocampus to receive signals, which, together with the CA1 area (related to spatial discrimination and training memories) and the CA3 area (related to environmental novelty and the validity of long-term memories), played a vital role in the storage of memories in the hippocampus. , Figure shows the results of histopathological examinations of the hippocampus by HE and Nissl staining.…”