Pratiques phytosanitaires et niveau d’exposition aux pesticides des producteurs de coton du nord du Bénin

Gouda, Abdoul-Ibrachi; Toko, Ibrahim Imorou; Salami, Sharaf-Dine; Richert, Maïté; Scippo, Marie‐Louise; Kestemont, Patrick; Schiffers, Bruno

doi:10.1051/cagri/2018038

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This implies that a 1% increase in applied insecticide would increase production by 713.04% (Table 4). This result is consistent with those from (Gouda et al, 2018) who find that increasing the pesticide use would increase cotton production in the case study of Benin with similar socioeconomic characteristics. However, the health and environmental issues can be raised (Taiwo, 2019;Donga and Eklo, 2018;Brouwer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Estimation Of Marginal Risks Of Cotton Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Cotton Farmers in Togo

ALI¹

2019

RAAE

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Cotton is a cash crop that occupies an important place in Togolese economy. However, a downward trend in productivity has been observed over the last twenty years, but the reasons are not well known. The purpose of this article is to determine the level of technical efficiency of cotton producers and analyse its determinants. The stochastic frontier analysis was adopted and data collected from 150 cotton producers in five regions in Togo was used. The results show that the average technical efficiency of cotton producers is 48.33%. It is therefore possible to increase the level of cotton production to 51.67% using the available resources. The factors that affect the technical inefficiency of farmers include the use of herbicides, the education level and the nature of the soil. In order to increase the productivity of cotton, policy should target on the capacity building of the producers by an effective support of the extensio n agents in order to ensure the follow-up of the technical itineraries.

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Section: Estimation Of Marginal Risks Of Cotton Productionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Cotton Farmers in Togo

ALI¹

2019

RAAE

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“…Les matières actives de cette famille chimique ont un risque pour la santé modéré sur le court terme, mais élevé sur le long terme et elles ont montré leur inefficacité vis-à-vis de cette chenille. Les producteurs continuent pourtant à utiliser ces matières actives et augmentent le nombre de traitements pour limiter sa propagation (Gouda et al, 2018).…”

Section: Indicateur De Contamination Des Sols Et Des Eaux Par Les Insunclassified

“…Au Burkina Faso et au Bénin, des travaux ont été réalisés pour évaluer les risques sanitaires et environnementaux des pratiques phytosanitaires sur cotonnier (Adechian et al, 2015 ;Djagni et Fok, 2019). Ils soulèvent une mauvaise connaissance, de la part des agriculteurs, des matières actives qu'ils utilisent, des doses à appliquer, des fréquences de traitement et de leurs effets sur la santé humaine et sur l'environnement (Mamane, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Évaluation des risques liés à l’utilisation de pesticides en culture cotonnière au Mali

Bars¹,

Sidibé²,

Mandart³

et al. 2020

Cah. Agric.

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Au Mali, l'usage des pesticides sur la culture de coton constitue un réel problème de santé publique et pour l'environnement. Cette étude porte sur les risques potentiels correspondant à la « dangerosité » des matières actives présentes dans les pesticides distribués pour le coton. Nous avons recensé 174 pesticides homologués par le Comité sahélien des pesticides (CSP) destinés à la culture du coton, dont 106 insecticides et fongicides et 68 herbicides. Ils sont formulés à partir de 50 matières actives ; 10 sont interdites en Europe et se retrouvent dans 35 produits homologués (soit 20 % des produits disponibles). Un indice de risque de toxicité (IRT) sur la santé des utilisateurs a été calculé pour chacune des 50 matières actives tenant compte de leurs toxicités aiguë et chronique. Il montre que la pendiméthaline et la bifenthrine ont les IRT les plus élevés respectivement pour les herbicides et les insecticides. Un indicateur de contamination des sols et des eaux de surface et souterraine par ces matières actives a été calculé. Il montre qu'une matière active peut présenter un risque important pour la santé et avoir un fort niveau de toxicité pour l'environnement ou avoir un faible impact sur la santé mais présenter un risque élevé pour l'environnement. Une sensibilisation des différents acteurs sur les risques encourus par les pesticides permettrait de réduire leurs impacts sur la santé humaine et l'environnement. Mots clés : coton / pesticides / santé publique / environnement / MaliAbstract -Assessing potential risks regarding pesticides used in cotton production in Mali. In Mali, pesticides used on cotton crops are a real public health and environmental problem. This study presents an analysis of potential risks corresponding to the "dangerousness" of active ingredient present in these pesticides for cotton. We identified 174 pesticides registered by the Sahel Pesticides Committee (CILSS-CSP) for cotton, including 106 insecticides and fungicides and 68 herbicides. They are formulated from 50 active ingredients; 10 are banned in Europe and are found in 35 registered products (20% of available products). For each active ingredient present in these pesticides, a Health Risk Index was calculated for the health of users. This indicator takes into account the acute and chronic toxicities of the different active ingredient. The results of our work show that, for herbicides, pendimethalin has the highest Health Risk Index; for insecticides, it is bifenthrin. We have also identified an indicator of soil, surface water and groundwater contamination by these active ingredients. The results show that an active ingredient could have a significant risk for health and have a high level of toxicity to the environment or have a low impact on health but have a high risk for the environment. Rising awareness among stakeholders about the risks of pesticides would reduce their impact on human health and environment.

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“…The majority of producers (54%) abandon them in the field. This mismanagement of empty packaging is one of the threatening practices commonly reported in producer surveys [22,[27][28][29]. As abandonment in the field, burial or incineration, these practices generate risks for the environment and human health.…”

Section: Pesticides Commonly Used By Farmers and Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer Practices and Risk of Water Contamination by Pesticides Used in Vegetable Cropping in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Ilboudo¹,

Sorgho²,

Savadogo³

et al. 2019

IJEMA

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Vegetables are grown worldwide in almost 200 countries, but they are regularly subject to pest pressure. To cope with the multiple pests, farmers resort to pesticides whose use in developing countries carries health and environmental risks. This study aimed to investigate the practices of vegetable farmers from Ouagadougou when using pesticides, and to examine the potential for contamination of ground and surface water. Based on the use of questionnaires and field observations, this study investigated farmers' practices on vegetable pest management using pesticides. The physicochemical properties of the active ingredients of pesticide were analysed, and Goss and GUS algorithms were applied to estimate the risk of surface and ground water contamination, respectively. The majority of producers were male (58%), illiterate (80%) and use pesticide in their vegetable crops (97.72%). The products used by the farmers in the study areas were insecticides (28), herbicides (5), fungicides (1), and nematicide (1), altough more than 50% of these pesticides were registered for the treatment of cotton crops but not for vegetables. Depending on the crop, 88% of the farmers applied pesticides up to 5 times or more per cropping season. Among active ingredients from pesticides used by farmers, eight are highly solubles, nine are readily degradables, six are moderately mobiles, and five are imobiles. Five have high potential to contaminate surface water while one has high potential to contaminate ground water. These results can be used for the development of tool to predict water contamination by pesticides in pest management by vegetable farmers. This could contribute to the reinforcement of pesticides policy for advance their health, environmental and economic consequences.

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Pratiques phytosanitaires et niveau d’exposition aux pesticides des producteurs de coton du nord du Bénin

Cited by 33 publications

References 16 publications

Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Cotton Farmers in Togo

Determinants of Technical Efficiency of Cotton Farmers in Togo

Évaluation des risques liés à l’utilisation de pesticides en culture cotonnière au Mali

Farmer Practices and Risk of Water Contamination by Pesticides Used in Vegetable Cropping in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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