Pre‐ambulatory infants with head trauma: A three‐year retrospective study

Settle, F; Lawrence, D; Kummerow, M

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00562.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This finding suggests that, counter to the view of some that short distance falls do not generally cause severe or life‐threatening injury, serious head injuries are possible from this mechanism. As reported by a number of other authors, we saw intracranial injury, with and without skull fracture in this sample and this was primarily associated with falls when dropped and from beds and couches. However, also as reported by others, serious injuries (AIS 4+) are infrequent, accounting for only 2% of the 916 presentations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Injury from falls in infants under one year

Mulligan

Adams

Tzioumi

et al. 2017

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Injury from falls in infants under one year

Mulligan

Adams

Tzioumi

et al. 2017

J Paediatrics Child Health

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“…The highest rate of abnormal CT scans was evident in infants who fell from a parent's arms, a finding consistent with other studies. 5 21 22 The likelihood of an abnormal CT scan was greater for children dropped on the stairs compared with those dropped on to the floor. By contrast, falls down stairs, which were one of the most common reasons for hospital admission, resulted in a low prevalence of skull fracture or ICI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head injury from falls in children younger than 6 years of age

Burrows¹,

Trefán²,

Houston³

et al. 2015

Arch Dis Child

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The risk of serious head injury (HI) from a fall in a young child is ill defined. The relationship between the object fallen from and prevalence of intracranial injury (ICI) or skull fracture is described.MethodCross-sectional study of HIs from falls in children (<6 years) admitted to UK hospitals, analysed according to the object fallen from and associated Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) or alert, voice, pain, unresponsive (AVPU) and CT scan results.ResultsOf 1775 cases ascertained (median age 18 months, 54.7% boys), 87% (1552) had a GCS=15/AVPU=alert. 19.3% (342) had a CT scan: 32% (110/342) were abnormal; equivalent to 5.9% of the overall population, 16.9% (58) had isolated skull fractures and 13.7% (47) had ICI (49% (23/47) had an associated skull fracture). The prevalence of ICI increased with neurological compromise; however, 12% of children with a GCS=15/AVPU=alert had ICI. When compared to falls from standing, falls from a person's arms (233 children (mean age 1 year)) had a significant relative OR for a skull fracture/ICI of 6.94 (95% CI 3.54 to 13.6), falls from a building (eg, window or attic) (mean age 3 years) OR 6.84 (95% CI 2.65 to 17.6) and from an infant or child product (mean age 21 months) OR 2.75 (95% CI 1.36 to 5.65).ConclusionsMost HIs from a fall in these children admitted to hospital were minor. Infants, dropped from a carer's arms, those who fell from infant products, a window, wall or from an attic had the greatest chance of ICI or skull fracture. These data inform prevention and the assessment of the likelihood of serious injury when the object fallen from is known.

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