Undiagnosed renal tract abnormalities are present in many Australian preschool children. Most are detectable by a thorough history, examination and urinalysis.

The mechanism of injury and clinical findings can provide some guide as to the likelihood of an infant having sustained a major injury after head trauma. The assessment of infants with head trauma could be improved if currently available guidelines for children under 2 years old were adopted. However, infant-specific guidelines should be developed.

Thyroid disorders are among the most common medical problems under GP follow-up, with a prevalence rate of approximately 1 in 20. It is approximately 10 times more common in women than men.