Pre-harvest sprouting tolerance of different winter triticale cultivars in the Baltic Sea area

Abstract

Experiments were carried out to investigate 10 winter triticale cultivars for 1) genetic variability of patterns of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting, and 2) the simultaneity of seed maturation in spikes by determining the developmental stage and by measuring the rate of germination before and after physiological maturity. The cultivars used were Dagro, Fidelio, Lamberto, Lasko, Lupus, Modus, Prego, Tewo, Ulrika and Vision, and were compared by measuring the post-harvest grain falling number and by germination tests on harvested spikes during the grain filling period. Winter rye Vambo and winter wheat Kosack were used as controls. The moisture content of kernels at physiological maturity (PM) was affected by climatic conditions (r0/0.38; pB/0.05). Germination rate of kernels in spike before PM was influenced by cultivar only up to 17%; mostly it was affected by climatic conditions (coefficient of determination, 54%). Kernel germination rate after PM was dependent on cultivar up to 37%, but was dependent on precipitation amounts in August (coefficient of determination, 60%). The most resistant cultivar to germination during post-physiological maturity period was Modus, followed by Dagro and Prego. Kernels' germination rate after PM was found to be an appropriate measure for selection of promising triticale cultivars for the climatic conditions, which are specific for the locations studied. The desiccation rate after PM affected significantly the duration of the period from PM up to harvest time (r0/(/0.50; pB/0.01).

Pyramiding wheat pre-harvest sprouting resistance genes in triticale breeding

“…In triticale, low FN is not indicative of high α-amylase activity (Dennett et al 2013 ). The FN is also not well correlated with dormancy (Alaru et al 2008 ) or mature spikes sprouting (Sodkiewicz 2002 ). In some wheat cultivars, FN is also affected by various factors other than sprouting damage (Barnard and Smith 2012 ; Mares and Mrva 2008 ).…”

Caracterização De Genótipos De Triticale Para Tolerância À Germinação Na Espiga

“…Vários fatores podem contribuir para uma maior tolerância à germinação na espiga, como a redução dos níveis de alfa-amilase nos grãos, a presença de inibidores de germinação, redução da absorção de água pelos grãos e respostas alteradas para hormônios (FLINTHAM, 2000;ZANETTI et al, 2000;HIMI et al, 2002;MARES et al, 2005). Adicionalmente, a falta de dormência adequada das sementes é a principal razão para a PHS, sendo destacada como uma característica governada por múltiplos genes (LI et al, 2004 (BASSOI et al, 2006;FRANCO et al, 2009;OKUYAMA et al, 2017 Embora a variabilidade genética existente no triticale para a resistência à PHS e para o NQ seja menor que a disponível no trigo, ela parece ser suficiente para que, através do melhoramento genético, novas cultivares superiores possam ser geradas (NEDEL et al 1983b;HAESAERT;DE BAETS, 1996;OETTLER, 2005;ALARU et al 2008;BIZOVA et al 2011).…”

Pre-harvest Sprouting Tolerance of Triticale Genotypes in Brazil

“…The PHS genetic variability in triticale is lower in relation to wheat. However, the genetic variability available for triticale, is enough to obtain new cultivars through genetic improvement (Nedel et al, 1983b;Haesaert & De Baets, 1996;Oettler, 2005;Alaru et al, 2008;Bizova et al, 2011).…”