Pré-hipertensão e hipertensão em adultos de Florianópolis: estudo de base populacional

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence and factors associated with prehypertension and hypertension among adults. METHODS:Population-based cross-sectional study carried out with a sample of 1,720 adults in the city of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil, from September 2009 to January 2012. Information on demographic and socioeconomic factors, health-related behaviors, anthropometric measures, morbidities, and self-rated health was collected through household interviews. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were also assessed as well as use of antihypertensive medications and medical diagnosis of hypertension. The dependent variable was categorized as normal blood pressure, prehypertension and hypertension. Polytomous multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with use of a multinomial logit model. RESULTS:The overall prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 36.1% (95%CI 33.3;38.8) and 40.1% (95%CI 36.6, 43.5), respectively. The polytomous regression analysis showed that prehypertension was signifi cantly associated with males, black skin, 50-59 years of age, leisure-time physical inactivity, and pre-obesity. Hypertension was associated with males, 40 years of age or more, intermediary tertile of per capita family income, less than 12 years of schooling, leisure-time physical inactivity, pre-obesity, obesity, abdominal obesity, and negative self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS:It is pressing to introduce effective public health policies to control hypertension among adult population in Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. DESCRIPTORS: Hypertension. Epidemiology. Risk Factors. Adult. Cross-Sectional Studies.Original Articles Hypertension in adults in Florianópolis Silva DAS et al Hypertension (HT) is one of the most important risk factors in cardiovascular disease which causes early death in adults. 15 The prevalence of HT in the adult population varies from 5.2% to 70.7% throughout the world.12,23 Immutable characteristics such as sex and skin colour/race, macro-structural determinants such as socio-economic status and degree of urbanisation and lifestyle factors capable of modifi cation such as nutrition, physical activity and alcohol and tobacco consumption all affect blood pressure levels. 15,23 A recent report from the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High BP (JNC-7) provided new guidelines for the prevention and detection of HT.5 The detection of prehypertension (PreHT) is as important as the diagnosing of H, according to the JNC-7. PreHT is not an illness; however, those with prehypertension are at greater risk of developing HT and increase their risk of cardiovascular disease compared with normotensive individuals. 5Studies of the prevalence of HT in adults have reported values of 22% and 44% in Brazil. HT was more prevalent in older people, those with black skin, those with low socioeconomic status, those with a diet high in salt and those who were overweight. 23 Although it is relevant to public health to investigate the prevalence of HT and ...

Pré-hipertensão, hipertensão arterial e fatores associados em pacientes odontológicos: estudo transversal na cidade de Santa Maria-RS, Brasil

“…A prevalência de hipertensão arterial nos Estados Unidos tem se mantido constante nos últimos dez anos, com uma taxa de cerca de 30% 2 . No Brasil, estudos demonstram uma prevalência de hipertensão arterial variando de 25,2% a 40,1%, com média acima de 30% [3][4][5][6][7][8] , e esse número aumenta consideravelmente na população acima dos 60 anos de idade 2,9 . Segundo os últimos dados do IDB (Indicadores e Dados Básicos) Brasil, a média da prevalência de hipertensão arterial nas capitais do Brasil em adultos com 18 anos ou mais de idade, no ano de 2012, era de 24,3%.…”

Profile of obese patients in first care in the Ambulatory of Nutrology of Ribeirão Preto (SP)

“…Outros estudos com adolescentes também demonstram baixa AF 67 e associação desta com a dislipidemia, 68,69 aumento de PA 69 e a obesidade. 69,70 Estudos com adultos e idosos também demonstraram relação entre baixa AF e comorbidades como HAS, 37,71,72 DM e dislipidemia 71 e obesidade. 36 No AN a porcentagem de inativos também foi maior nos adultos e idosos em relação às crianças e adolescentes, com taxas de 78,0%, muito acima da PNS de 2013 que mostrou 46% de insuficientemente ativos, com tendência à diminuição na práti-ca de AF com o avanço da idade.…”