Prebiotic-Induced Anti-tumor Immunity Attenuates Tumor Growth

Li, Yan; Elmén, Lisa; Šegota, Igor; Xian, Yibo; Tinoco, Roberto; Feng, Yongmei; Fujita, Yu; Muñoz, Rafael R. Segura; Schmaltz, Robert; Bradley, Linda M.; Ramer‐Tait, Amanda E.; Zarecki, Raphy; Long, Tao; Peterson, Scott N.; Ronai, Ze’ev

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.035

Cited by 127 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, supplementation with 10% inulin in Apc Min/+ mice induced an increase of polyps and tumors size in the small intestine (46,47). However, supplementation with 15% of inulin in syngeneic wild type mice transplanted with tumors cells subcutaneously presented a slower tumor growth rate (48), and supplementation with 10% GOS in rats receiving azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate to induce CRC inhibited tumor growth in the colon (49). These studies did not assess the possible presence of pks + E. coli strains, which may modify responses to oligosaccharides in the tested CRC models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin and Galacto-oligosaccharides Increase the Genotoxic Effect of Colibactin Produced by pks+ Escherichia Coli Strains

Oliero¹,

Calvé²,

Fragoso³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Colibactin is a genotoxin that induces double-strand DNA breaks and is produced by Escherichia coli strains harboring the pks island. Human and animal studies have shown that colibactin-producing gut bacteria promote carcinogenesis and enhance the progression of colorectal cancer through cellular senescence and chromosomal abnormalities. In this study, we investigated the impact of prebiotics on the genotoxicity of colibactin-producing E. coli strains Nissle 1917 and NC101. Methods: Bacteria were grown in medium supplemented with 20, 30 and 40 mg/mL of prebiotics inulin or galacto-oligosaccharide, and with or without 5 µM, 25 µM and 125 µM of iron sulfate. Colibactin expression was assessed by luciferase reporter assay for the clbA gene, essential for colibactin production, in E. coli Nissle 1917 and by RT-PCR in E. coli NC101. The human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, Caco-2, was used to assess colibactin-induced megalocytosis by methylene blue binding assay and genotoxicity by γ-H2AX immunofluorescence analysis. Results: Inulin and galacto-oligosaccharide enhanced the expression of clbA in pks+ E. coli. However, the addition of 125 µM of iron sulfate inhibited the expression of clbA triggered by oligosaccharides. In the presence of either oligosaccharide, E. coli NC101 increased dysplasia and double-strand DNA breaks in Caco-2 cells compared to untreated cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, in vitro, prebiotic oligosaccharides exacerbate DNA damage induced by colibactin-producing bacteria. Further studies are necessary to establish whether these results are reproducible in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin and Galacto-oligosaccharides Increase the Genotoxic Effect of Colibactin Produced by pks+ Escherichia Coli Strains

Oliero¹,

Calvé²,

Fragoso³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Development of the research of gut microbiome involves not only the drug and TCM but also the daily diet of humans. Recently, a rapidly increasing number of studies have indicated the crucial role of the diet for the treatment of disease (Leboeuf et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020b;Moayyedi et al, 2020;Naudin et al, 2020;Yu et al, 2020). In addition, studies about the close relationship between the diet and the intestinal flora have gradually aroused attention, which may offer us some new perspective for disease prevention.…”

Section: Close Relationships Among Diet Gut Microbiome and Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiome: Their Respective and Concert Effects on Healthcare

et al. 2020

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Advances in systems biology, particularly based on the omics approaches, have resulted in a paradigm shift in both traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the gut microbiome research. In line with this paradigm shift, the importance of TCM and gut microbiome in healthcare, as well as their interplay, has become clearer. Firstly, we briefly summarize the current status of three topics in this review: microbiome, TCM, and relationship of TCM and microbiome. Second, we focused on TCM's therapeutic effects and gut microbiome's mediation roles, including the relationships among diet, gut microbiome, and health care. Third, we have summarized some databases and tools to help understand the impact of TCM and gut microbiome on diagnosis and treatment at the molecular level. Finally, we introduce the effects of gut microbiome on TCM and host health, with two case studies, one on the metabolic effect of gut microbiome on TCM, and another on cancer treatment. In summary, we have reviewed the current status of the two components of healthcare: TCM and gut microbiome, as well as their concert effects. It is quite clear that as the holobiont, the maintenance of the health status of human would depend heavily on TCM, gut microbiome, and their combined effects.

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“…[ 90 ] and Akkermansia muciniphila [ 91 , 92 ], which are involved in inhibiting melanoma growth [ 93 ]. Addition of inulin and mucin to the diet induces anti-tumor immune responses and inhibits subcutaneously implanted BRAF mutant melanoma in a syngeneic mouse model [ 94 ]. There is a growing body of evidence that microbiome enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy [ 95 , 96 ].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Skin Microbiome, Pro- and/or Pre-Biotics to Affect Local Cutaneous Responses to UV Exposure

2020

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The human skin hosts innumerable microorganisms and maintains homeostasis with the local immune system despite the challenges offered by environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR causes cutaneous alterations such as acute (i.e., sunburn) and chronic inflammation, tanning, photoaging, skin cancer, and immune modulation. Phototherapy on the other hand is widely used to treat inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, polymorphic light eruption and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), as well as neoplastic skin diseases such as cutaneous T cell lymphoma, among others. Previous work has addressed the use of pro- and pre-biotics to protect against UVR through anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-carcinogenic and/or pro-and contra-melanogenic properties. Herein, we discuss and share perspectives of the potential benefits of novel treatment strategies using microbes and pro- and pre-biotics as modulators of the skin response to UVR, and how they could act both for protection against UVR-induced skin damage and as enhancers of the UVR-driven therapeutic effects on the skin.

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Prebiotic-Induced Anti-tumor Immunity Attenuates Tumor Growth

Cited by 127 publications

References 60 publications

Inulin and Galacto-oligosaccharides Increase the Genotoxic Effect of Colibactin Produced by pks+ Escherichia Coli Strains

Inulin and Galacto-oligosaccharides Increase the Genotoxic Effect of Colibactin Produced by pks+ Escherichia Coli Strains

Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiome: Their Respective and Concert Effects on Healthcare

Potential of Skin Microbiome, Pro- and/or Pre-Biotics to Affect Local Cutaneous Responses to UV Exposure

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