Precipitation and temperature are associated with advanced flowering phenology in a semi-arid grassland

Lesica, Peter; Kittelson, Pamela M.

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.02.002

Cited by 126 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This contradicts the results from boreal and continental biomes [72] but is consistent with the previous findings obtained from the grasslands in North America [44,73]. The evolutions of grassland phenology are complex.…”

Section: Long-term Means and Interannual Changes Of Grassland Phenolosupporting

confidence: 80%

Grassland Phenology Response to Drought in the Canadian Prairies

2017

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Drought is a significant climatic disturbance in grasslands, yet the impact drought caused by global warming has on grassland phenology is still unclear. Our research investigates the long-term variability of grassland phenology in relation to drought in the Canadian prairies from 1982 to 2014. Based on the start of growing season (SOG) and the end of growing season (EOG) derived from Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) NDVI3g datasets, we found that grasslands demonstrated complex phenology trends over our study period. We retrieved the drought conditions of the prairie ecozone at multiple time scales from the 1-to 12-month Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). We evaluated the correlations between the detrended time series of phenological metrics and SPEIs through Pearson correlation analysis and identified the dominant drought where the maximum correlations were found for each ecozone and each phenological metric. The dominant drought over preceding months account for 14-33% and 26-44% of the year-to-year variability of SOG and EOG, respectively, and fewer water deficits would favor an earlier SOG and delayed EOG. The drought-induced shifts in SOG and EOG were determined based on the correlation between the dominant drought and the year-to-year variability using ordinary least square (OLS) method. Our research also quantifies the correlation between precipitation and the evolution of the dominant droughts and the drought-induced shifts in grassland phenology. Every millimeter (mm) increase in precipitation accumulated over the dominant periods would cause SOG to occur 0.06-0.21 days earlier, and EOG to occur 0.23-0.45 days later. Our research reveals a complex phenology response in relation to drought in the Canadian prairie grasslands and demonstrates that drought is a significant factor in the timing of both SOG and EOG. Thus, it is necessary to include drought-related climatic variables when predicting grassland phenology response to climate change and variability.

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Section: Long-term Means and Interannual Changes Of Grassland Phenolosupporting

confidence: 80%

Grassland Phenology Response to Drought in the Canadian Prairies

2017

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“…First, our entire approach assumes generalization on the part of both plants and pollinators, as we compared entire distributions rather than specific pairwise interactions. Analogous studies of specialist species are needed, particularly in ecosystem types that are known to be dominated by oligolectic bee species (35,36) or where precipitation rather than temperature is the main driver for the timing of phenological activities (37,38). Second, because the most significant climate warming has occurred during the last 40 y, caution is needed when extrapolating from existing data to predict future trends.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-associated phenological advances in bee pollinators and bee-pollinated plants

Bartomeus

Ascher²,

Wagner³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

452

397

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The phenology of many ecological processes is modulated by temperature, making them potentially sensitive to climate change. Mutualistic interactions may be especially vulnerable because of the potential for phenological mismatching if the species involved do not respond similarly to changes in temperature. Here we present an analysis of climate-associated shifts in the phenology of wild bees, the most important pollinators worldwide, and compare these shifts to published studies of bee-pollinated plants over the same time period. We report that over the past 130 y, the phenology of 10 bee species from northeastern North America has advanced by a mean of 10.4 ± 1.3 d. Most of this advance has taken place since 1970, paralleling global temperature increases. When the best available data are used to estimate analogous rates of advance for plants, these rates are not distinguishable from those of bees, suggesting that bee emergence is keeping pace with shifts in host-plant flowering, at least among the generalist species that we investigated. C limate warming over the past 50 y is associated with phenological advances in a wide variety of organisms including plants, birds, and insects (1-3). Responses to climate warming are particularly important to understand for species that provide critical ecological functions such as pollinators. Furthermore, many ecological functions result from interactions among species, and because not all species respond to climate warming in the same manner, this could potentially lead to phenological mismatches that result in the loss of function (4-6). Alternatively, the interacting species may be buffered against climate variation if they have evolved similar responses to environmental variation (7). Here we present an analysis of climate-associated shifts in the phenology of wild bee pollinators, and compare the rates of advance for bees to those of bee-pollinated plants from the same region.Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) are the primary animal pollinators in most ecosystems (8). However, there is only one study of climate-associated phenological shifts in bees, and this focused on a single managed species, the honey bee (9). The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) represents a special case relative to the ∼19,700 described species of bees existing worldwide (10), first, because it is a domesticated species, and second, because it is one of the minority of perennial bee species, meaning that adults remain active over the winter and regulate hive temperatures in temperate latitudes. In contrast, most wild bee species outside the tropics have annual cycles that include an obligatory larval or adult diapause before spring emergence. The development of bees and the environmental triggers regulating seasonal activity are largely unknown, and the few species studied show complex responses to both winter and spring temperatures (11,12). Thus, although we would predict phenological shifts in bee activity due to climate change, the directionality and magnitude of these shifts are difficult...

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“…Pada zona iklim tropis dan arid, air merupakan faktor pembatas. Berbagai studi di daerah tropis dan arid mengindikasikan pengaruh musim terhadap pembungaan, disebabkan berubahnya curah hujan, temperatur (Alizoti et al 2010) dan status air tanah (Dreyer et al 2006;Lesica & Kittelson 2010;Dalgleish et al 2012;Haukka et al 2013). Hal ini juga teramati pada jenis Oxals (Dreyer et al 2006), apel, pir (Grab & Craparo 2011) Fenologi pembungaan tiga varian cendana pada tiga ras lahan di Gunung Sewu: Nglanggeran (a), Bleberan (b) dan 0 Petir (c) pada periode pembungaan tahun 2015.…”

Section: Variasi Fenologi Pembungaan Antar Varian Dan Ras Lahanunclassified