Precipitation scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mumbai, India

A comparison study of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three Indian cities using PUF disk passive air samplers

“…Hence, a large portion of the world's population is exposed to high levels of PAHs (Simth et al, 2004). However, previous studies have mainly focused on particle-associated PAHs (Karar and Gupta, 2006;Mohanraj et al, 2010Mohanraj et al, , 2011, and limited work has been carried out on both gaseous and particulate phase PAHs in India (Sahu et al, 2004;Pandit et al, 2006). In addition, previously measured local PAH concentrations ranged from several ng m À3 (Pandit et al, 2006) to several ug m À3 (Singh et al, 2011), making assessment on a regional scale difficult.…”

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Cloud Deposition at Mount Heng in Southern China

“…BbF was the most abundant compound with a mean concentration of 230.5 ng L -1 , . In previous studies, it was reported that the solubility of lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs was much higher than higher molecular weight (HMW) PAHs in water phase (Lee and Lee, 2004;Sahu et al, 2004). The mean concentration of HMW PAHs, however, was 2.78 times higher than LMW PAHs in cloud water samples due to the particle inside.…”

“…∅ is the fraction of PAHs associated with particles in the air, defined as Cp,air/(Cg+Cp,air), which were obtained through the field measurement. As presented in Table 2 (Poster and Baker, 1996) and Mumbai, India (W T : 10 3 -10 5 for PAHs) (Sahu et al, 2004) regarding precipitation. The variation of W T values from different studies could be caused by several factors such as meteorology, sampling environment and sample styles (precipitation or clouds).…”

Opportunities and challenges in the use of coal fly ash for soil improvements – A review

“…The organic matter of coals is generally comprised of two complementary constituents: (a) the principal component is a macromolecular, insoluble phase consisting of condensed aromatic and hydroaromatic units, and (b) a molecular phase of compounds of low to medium molecular mass, mostly soluble in organic solvents, assumed to contain variable levels of aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic and hydroaromatic hydrocarbons, hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic compounds and heterocyclic compounds (Mastral et al, 1995;Liu et al, 2000;Pisupati et al, 2000;Sahu et al, 2004). During coal combustion, organic remains are released, which through cyclisation or radical condensation reactions result in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the combustion of carbon in the presence of chloro fragments leads to the formation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).…”