Precipitation variability in September over the Korean Peninsula during ENSO developing phase

Son, Hye-Young; Park, Jong Yeon; Kug, Jong‐Seong

doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2776-x

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This feature represents some degree of linear response in Korean winter air temperature between El Niño and La Niña showing the warmer than normal condition during El Niño It is interesting to note that the precipitation in September and November exhibit opposite anomalies for Year 1 (El Niño) and Year 2 (La Niña), reflecting linear relationship of Korean precipitation between El Niño and La Niña for September and November (Figure 5(b)). This relationship has been also reported by the previous studies (Son et al, 2014;Son et al, 2016 Figure 3). For example, the precipitation anomaly during June in Year 3 shows significant positive anomaly while that in Year 2 shows opposite anomaly.…”

Section: Monthly Temperature and Precipitation Anomaly Over Korea Forsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our particular interest in this paper is the monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies over Korea in relation to ENSO. Several studies have documented statistical relationship between ENSO and Korean climate (Kang, 1998;Cha et al, 1999;Kug et al, 2010;Son et al, 2014Son et al, , 2016Ho et al, 2016). For example, recent studies reported that Korean winter precipitation tends to increase (Son et al, 2014) while September precipitation tends to decrease (Son et al, 2016) during El Niño event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have documented statistical relationship between ENSO and Korean climate (Kang, 1998;Cha et al, 1999;Kug et al, 2010;Son et al, 2014Son et al, , 2016Ho et al, 2016). For example, recent studies reported that Korean winter precipitation tends to increase (Son et al, 2014) while September precipitation tends to decrease (Son et al, 2016) during El Niño event. However, most of these studies have focused on the linear relationship based on the correlation or regression analysis, which results can not reflect how differently two groups of ENSO evolution affect Korean climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monthly climate variation over Korea in relation to the two types of ENSO evolution

Yeo

Yeh

Kim

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study documents monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies over Korea during the different phases of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) for the two types of ENSO evolution. The evolution process of ENSO can be classified into two groups based on whether El Niño turns into La Niña in the subsequent year. The first group involves the transition process from El Niño to La Niña, while the second group shows the prolonged El Niño or neutral conditions after the mature phase of El Niño. Because the mid-latitude atmospheric responses as well as the equatorial heating anomalies for the two groups of ENSO are different each other, the ENSO-related climate variation over Korea are investigated separately for the two ENSO evolution groups. In particular, this study focuses on the entire monthly evolution of the temperature and precipitation over Korea during the different phases of ENSO. The statistically robust signals can be found in several particular months, which provides statistical basis for predicting monthly climate over Korea. In addition to the observational data analyses, we further investigate the forecast skill of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) in simulating two groups of ENSO evolution and their impacts on Korean climate. The result shows that the MME reasonably predicts the two different evolution of ENSO as in observation but their prediction skills for the ENSO-related Korean climate are diverse, which largely depends on the phase of ENSO.

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Section: Monthly Temperature and Precipitation Anomaly Over Korea Forsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monthly climate variation over Korea in relation to the two types of ENSO evolution

Yeo

Yeh

Kim

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…For instance, Tao et al 30 revealed that the tropical, large-scale atmospheric circulation was accompanied by the development of anomalous cyclones in the WNP. Furthermore, Zhang et al 31 found a relationship between the central Pacific (CP) cooling and the westerlies (i.e., the Rossby wave) response to the part of the northwestern CP 32 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of modes of climate variability on wave power during boreal summer in the western North Pacific

Yang

2020

Sci Rep

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This study investigates extremes of wave climate in the western North Pacific (WNP) as significant responses to modes of climate variability: the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Few studies have explicitly investigated significant wave height in this context, and hence, the aim of the present study is to investigate and quantify the responses to a simulated wave data set over the WNP from 1979-2009 by focusing on the combined influences of the ENSO and PDO during the boreal summer. We conducted a composite analysis of sea surface temperatures, sea-level pressure, and extreme anomalies of wave power density (Pw) on different phase combinations of the ENSO and the PDO, and also analyzed the effects of a latitudinal shift of the ITCZ for composite samples with respect to simulated tropical storm (TS) activities. The results demonstrate that the ENSO played a primarily positive role in intensifying anomalous wave climate, while the PDO had the opposite effect. The responses of the peak wave-period were linked to a strengthened anomalous low-pressure and a cooling of sea surface temperature anomalies. The PDO played a significant role in strengthening or weakening of the effects of the ENSO on Pw, thus confirming the findings of previous studies. We found that responses were dependent on whether ENSO and PDO were in or out of phase. These responses can be described by a strengthening of the southeast trade winds that blow across the equator with respect to a latitudinal shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Our findings contribute to the understanding of a relationship between modes of climate variability and TS activities with respect to the status of the ITCZ over the WNP, which can be relevant factors in the lifetime of wave power and related wave parameters in the WNP during the boreal summer. Extreme wave climates are crucial to the development of various natural processes 1. It is essential to forecast and reproduce regional wave characteristics in the ocean. Additionally, the ocean wave has the highest energy density in coastal marine areas 2. Thus, considerable research on the regional wave climate has been conducted to evaluate and characterize the wave power energy potential. Specifically, and with reference to climate variability, previous studies have attempted to improve the understanding between significant wave height (hereafter Hs) and seasonal oscillations on global 3-5 and regional scales 1,6-11 , and for future projections 12,13. The effects of long-term wave climate variability in the western North Pacific (WNP) have also been reported 14,15. Sasaki (2012) 14 evaluated the regional wave climate based on 30 years of observational data and identified an significant positive trend that was induced by more frequent swells. Allan and Komar (2000) 15 reported an increasing Hs trend over the eastern North Pacific (ENP) over approximately 25 years previous to their study, which may have been linked to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Addi...

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“…One study asserts that there is increased summer precipitation in El Niño years (Kang 1998), and others have suggested lower summer precipitation and the delayed onset of the changma in El Niño summers (Ahn et al 1997;Cha et al 1999). Recent studies at finer time scales have found that, during El Niño developing periods, precipitation decreases in September and increases in December (Son et al 2014(Son et al , 2016Yeo et al 2018). The inconsistent connection between ENSO and precipitation in South Korea can be attributed to the various impacts of the different types of El Niño (Ashok et al 2007; Kao and Yu 2009;Kug et al 2009;Yeh et al 2009Yeh et al , 2015, the different impacts of ENSO events in developing/decaying periods, the asymmetric impacts of El Niño and La Niña to the atmosphere (Capotondi et al 2015), and/or differences between research periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Lead Predictions of Warm Season Droughts in South Korea Using North Atlantic SST

2020

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Understanding and predicting warm season (May–October) droughts is critically important in South Korea for agricultural productivity and water resource management. Using a 6-month standardized precipitation index ending in October (SPI6_Oct), we investigate the interannual variability of warm season droughts and the related large-scale atmospheric circulations for the most recent 20-yr period (1995–2014). Cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulations to the east of Japan (in the North Pacific) tend to induce warm season droughts (wetness) by suppressing (enhancing) moist water transport from the south of the Korean Peninsula. These circulation patterns to the east of Japan are linked to a barotropic Rossby wave–like teleconnection pattern from the North Atlantic to East Asia, which is found to be responsible for the interannual variability of SPI6_Oct. This teleconnection pattern is highly correlated with the difference in sea surface temperature (SST) between the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea (referred to as NA_dipole) in January–March (r = 0.68), which modulates the snow depth over the Ural Mountains in spring and the sea ice concentration over the Barents Sea during the entire warm season. Two drought prediction models, an empirical model and a hybrid machine learning model, are developed and tested for their predictive skills for South Korea. An empirical prediction model using NA_dipole as one of the predictors is found to accurately capture the interannual variability of SPI6_Oct (r2 = 53%). NA_dipole is found to improve the predictive skills of the hybrid machine learning drought prediction model, especially for longer lead times. Our results emphasize the significant role of North Atlantic SST anomalies in warm season medium-range droughts in South Korea.

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Precipitation variability in September over the Korean Peninsula during ENSO developing phase

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Monthly climate variation over Korea in relation to the two types of ENSO evolution

Monthly climate variation over Korea in relation to the two types of ENSO evolution

Effects of modes of climate variability on wave power during boreal summer in the western North Pacific

Long-Lead Predictions of Warm Season Droughts in South Korea Using North Atlantic SST

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