Precise strategies for selecting probiotic bacteria in treatment of intestinal bacterial dysfunctional diseases

Abstract

Abundant microbiota resides in the organs of the body, which utilize the nutrition and form a reciprocal relationship with the host. The composition of these microbiota changes under different pathological conditions, particularly in response to stress and digestive diseases, making the microbial composition and health of the hosts body interdependent. Probiotics are living microorganisms that have demonstrated beneficial effects on physical health and as such are used as supplements to ameliorate symptoms of various digestive diseases by optimizing microbial composition of the gut and restore digestive balance. However, the supplementary effect does not achieve the expected result. Therefore, a targeted screening strategy on probiotic bacteria is crucial, owing to the presence of several bacterial strains. Core bacteria work effectively in maintaining microbiological homeostasis and stabilization in the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the core bacteria can be inherited and acquired from maternal pregnancy and delivery; others can be acquired from contact with the mother, feces, and the environment. Knowing the genera and functions of the core bacteria could be vital in the isolation and selection of probiotic bacteria for supplementation. In addition, other supporting strains of probiotic bacteria are also needed. A comprehensive strategy for mining both core and supporting bacteria before its clinical use is needed. Using metagenomics or other methods of estimation to discern the typically differentiated strains of bacteria is another important strategy to treat dysbiosis. Hence, these two factors are significant to carry out targeted isolation and selection of the functional strains to compose the resulting probiotic preparation for application in both research and clinical use. In conclusion, precise probiotic supplementation, by screening abundant strains of bacteria and isolating specific probiotic strains, could rapidly establish the core microbiota needed to confer resilience, particularly in bacterial dysfunctional diseases. This approach can help identify distinct bacteria which can be used to improve supplementation therapies.

In Vitro Fermentation of Pleurotus eryngii Mushrooms by Human Fecal Microbiota: Metataxonomic Analysis and Metabolomic Profiling of Fermentation Products

“…Probiotics, i.e., “live microorganisms, which when consumed in adequate amounts, confer a health effect on the host” [ 10 ], are already being used to treat or prevent human diseases and have been shown to exert a protective role in the gut; they compete with pathogens to produce direct antimicrobial effects and indirectly enhance intestinal barrier function [ 47 ]. A wide range of bacteria belonging primarily to the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus could produce bacteriocins or antibacterial proteins highly effective against foodborne pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas fluorescens , P. aeruginosa , Salmonella typhi , Shigella flexneri , Listeria monocytogenes , Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Clostridium botulinum [ 48 , 49 ], and thus, have a long history of use in food [ 50 ].…”

Ligilactobacillus Salivarius improve body growth and anti-oxidation capacity of broiler chickens via regulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis

“…L . salivarius is a probiotic bacterium that is often used in the diets of humans and animals [ 31 , 32 ]. L .…”

“…The digestive enzymes produced represent one of several advantages of L . salivarius [ 31 ]. The optimal bacterial composition in the GIT was determined.…”

“…The improved bacterial composition at both the phylum and species levels was crucial for the probiotic role of L . salivarius [ 31 ].…”

The Kidney–Gut Axis as a Novel Target for Nutritional Intervention to Counteract Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

“…These microorganisms can encompass a diverse range, including bacteria, yeast, and molds. Among them, the most commonly used probiotics include Bifidobacteria , Lactobacillus , Propionibacteria , Bacillus , Akkermansia muciniphila , and Saccharomyces [ 49 ]. Lactobacillus- and Bifidobacterium -based probiotics play a crucial role in altering gut pH, countering pathogens by generating antimicrobial compounds, and competing for binding sites with pathogens, as well as for available nutrients and growth factors, triggering immunomodulatory cells and producing enzymes like lactase, as well as essential vitamins such as B1, B4, B6, and B12 [ 50 ].…”