Precision medicine and glaucoma management: how mathematical modeling and artificial intelligence help in clinical practice

Guidoboni, Giovanna; Núñez, Roberto; Keller, James M.; Wikle, Christopher K.; Robinson, E. L.; Verticchio, Alice; Siesky, Brent; Oddone, Francesco; Quaranta, Luciano; Wirostko, Barbara; Topouzis, Fotis; Cheng, Chi‐Tung; Janulevičienė, Ingrida; Wegner, A; Antman, Gal; Jones, Creed F.; Harris, Alon

doi:10.1080/17469899.2022.2130249

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Given its insidious progression and the potential for irreversible visual impairment, it is paramount to ensure that treatment strategies align closely with individual patient needs. AI, with its vast data processing capabilities and predictive modeling, could play a pivotal role in harnessing the power of precision medicine for glaucoma [118]. By analyzing patient details and disease characteristics, AI can help to provide more personalized treatment plans, promising improved outcomes and patientcentric care [118].…”

Section: Ai Assistance For Precision Medicine and Personalized Treatm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Glaucoma Care: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis, Management, and Progression Detection

Zhu,

Salowe,

Chow

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, comprises a group of progressive optic neuropathies requiring early detection and lifelong treatment to preserve vision. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are now demonstrating transformative potential across the spectrum of clinical glaucoma care. This review summarizes current capabilities, future outlooks, and practical translation considerations. For enhanced screening, algorithms analyzing retinal photographs and machine learning models synthesizing risk factors can identify high-risk patients needing diagnostic workup and close follow-up. To augment definitive diagnosis, deep learning techniques detect characteristic glaucomatous patterns by interpreting results from optical coherence tomography, visual field testing, fundus photography, and other ocular imaging. AI-powered platforms also enable continuous monitoring, with algorithms that analyze longitudinal data alerting physicians about rapid disease progression. By integrating predictive analytics with patient-specific parameters, AI can also guide precision medicine for individualized glaucoma treatment selections. Advances in robotic surgery and computer-based guidance demonstrate AI’s potential to improve surgical outcomes and surgical training. Beyond the clinic, AI chatbots and reminder systems could provide patient education and counseling to promote medication adherence. However, thoughtful approaches to clinical integration, usability, diversity, and ethical implications remain critical to successfully implementing these emerging technologies. This review highlights AI’s vast capabilities to transform glaucoma care while summarizing key achievements, future prospects, and practical considerations to progress from bench to bedside.

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Section: Ai Assistance For Precision Medicine and Personalized Treatm...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Glaucoma Care: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis, Management, and Progression Detection

Zhu,

Salowe,

Chow

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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“…In this appendix we describe the main steps of the HDG method utilized in the OMVS framework, based on Reference 15. We first introduce the general framework and its notations, then specify our approach to the hemodynamics in the lamina cribrosa (Equation ( 6)), and finally to the biomechanics described by systems (7) and (8).…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of ophthalmology, a similar paradigm is needed: the availability of rich, heterogeneous data published in the literature, possibly making contradictory statements and the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms of several ocular diseases, calls for innovative approaches to help diagnosis and monitoring of these clinical conditions. For a recent review of the state-of-the-art and the open questions, see for instance 7,8 and the references therein. However, computational and mathematical ophthalmology is still an emergent field and to the best of our knowledge, only few studies focused on this particular topic, as reviewed for example in References 9,10 or, in the context of uncertainty quantification, in References 11,12. The present work aims to contribute to this growing area of research by proposing a novel modeling and simulation environment, called the Ocular Mathematical Virtual Simulator (OMVS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ocular mathematical virtual simulator: A validated multiscale model for hemodynamics and biomechanics in the human eye

Sala,

Prud'homme,

Guidoboni

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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We present our continuous efforts from a modeling and numerical viewpoint to develop a powerful and flexible mathematical and computational framework called Ocular Mathematical Virtual Simulator (OMVS). The OMVS aims to solve problems arising in biomechanics and hemodynamics within the human eye. We discuss our contribution towards improving the reliability and reproducibility of computational studies by performing a thorough validation of the numerical predictions against experimental data. The OMVS proved capable of simulating complex multiphysics and multiscale scenarios motivated by the study of glaucoma. Furthermore, its modular design allows the continuous integration of new models and methods as the research moves forward, and supports the utilization of the OMVS as a promising non‐invasive clinical investigation tool for personalized research in ophthalmology.

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“…Finally, the researchers highlighted the challenges in the field of Data Science. AI, ML, and mathematical modeling are becoming effective tools widely applied to BIG DATA to further the understanding of risk factors such as IOP and BP in glaucoma and improve disease management 40–44 . Given the concern for dissemination of false information linked to the latest AI developments (such as ChatGPT), there is therefore a crucial need to ensure trust in data collection.…”

Section: Big Data/data Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…AI, ML, and mathematical modeling are becoming effective tools widely applied to BIG DATA to further the understanding of risk factors such as IOP and BP in glaucoma and improve disease management. [40][41][42][43][44] Given the concern for dissemination of false information linked to the latest AI developments (such as ChatGPT), there is therefore a crucial need to ensure trust in data collection. Data standardization was also stressed as an important requirement for clinical interoperability and data extraction and sharing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons From The Glaucoma Foundation Think Tank 2023: A Patient-Centric Approach to Glaucoma

Harris,

Verticchio Vercellin,

Weinreb

et al. 2023

Journal of Glaucoma

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Purpose: To summarize the main topics discussed during the 28th Annual Glaucoma Foundation Think Tank Meeting “A Patient-Centric Approach to Glaucoma” held in New York on June 9th and 10th 2023. Methods: The highlights of the sessions on BIG DATA, genetics, modifiable lifestyle risk factors, female sex hormones, and neuroprotection in the field of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were summarized. Results: The researchers discussed the importance of BIG DATA repositories available at national and international levels for POAG research, including the United Kingdom Biobank. Combining genotyped large cohorts worldwide, facilitated by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning approaches, led to the milestone discovery of 312 genome-wide significant disease loci for POAG. While these loci could be combined into a polygenic risk score with clinical utility, Think Tank meeting participants also provided analytical epidemiological evidence that behavioral risk factors modify POAG polygenetic risk, citing specific examples related to caffeine and alcohol use. The impact of female sex hormones on POAG pathophysiology was discussed, as was neuroprotection and the potential use of AI to help mitigate specific challenges faced in clinical trials and speed approval of neuroprotective agents. Conclusion: The experts agreed on the importance of genetics in defining individual POAG risk and highlighted the additional crucial role of lifestyle, gender, blood pressure, and vascular risk factors. The main takeaways also included that BIG DATA repositories and AI are important combinatory tools to foster novel strategies to prevent and stabilize glaucoma and, in the future, recover vision loss from the disease.

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Precision medicine and glaucoma management: how mathematical modeling and artificial intelligence help in clinical practice

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Advancing Glaucoma Care: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis, Management, and Progression Detection

Advancing Glaucoma Care: Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis, Management, and Progression Detection

The ocular mathematical virtual simulator: A validated multiscale model for hemodynamics and biomechanics in the human eye

Lessons From The Glaucoma Foundation Think Tank 2023: A Patient-Centric Approach to Glaucoma

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