Precision Optics Manufacturing and Control for Next-Generation Large Telescopes

Graves, Logan R.; Smith, Greg; Apai, Dániel; Kim, Dae Wook

doi:10.1007/s41871-019-00038-2

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The advent of industrial Internet of Things (IoT), digital manufacturing and current trend of integrating more autonomous or robotic solutions into this domain means that we can begin to investigate autonomous solutions that would not have been possible previously. Furthermore, the framework presented in this paper contributes to the body of knowledge that is exploring the use of automated grinding in other sectors such as Space Optics [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying a 6 DoF Robotic Arm and Digital Twin to Automate Fan-Blade Reconditioning for Aerospace Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul

Oyekan

Farnsworth

Hutabarat

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The UK is home to several major air commercial and transport hubs. As a result, there is a high demand for Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) services to ensure that fleets of aircraft are in airworthy conditions. MRO services currently involve heavy manual labor. This creates bottlenecks, low repeatability, and low productivity. Presented in this paper is an investigation to create an automation cell for the fan-blade reconditioning component of MRO. The design and prototype of the automation cell is presented. Furthermore, a digital twin of the grinding process is developed and used as a tool to explore the required grinding force parameters needed to effectively remove surface material. An integration of a 6-DoF industrial robot with an end-effector grinder and a computer vision system was undertaken. The computer vision system was used for the digitization of the fan-blade surface as well as tracking and guidance of material removal. Our findings reveal that our proposed system can perform material removal, track the state of the fan blade during the reconditioning process and do so within a closed-loop automated robotic work cell.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying a 6 DoF Robotic Arm and Digital Twin to Automate Fan-Blade Reconditioning for Aerospace Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul

Oyekan

Farnsworth

Hutabarat

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Furthermore, by employing a measurement laser beam having a large diameter D and single-cell photodiodes, a high resolution better than 0.001 arc-second can be achieved [47]. The two-axis laser autocollimator has also been applied for surface topography measurement [96,97]. It should be noted that the applications of above mentioned optical angle sensors having a laser source are limited for measurement of mirror-finished surfaces or the angle of a target capable of mounting a mirror reflector due to coherence matters such as speckle and diffraction.…”

Section: Multi-axis Optical Angle Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Sensors for Multi-Axis Angle and Displacement Measurement Using Grating Reflectors

Shimizu

Matsukuma

Gao

2019

Sensors

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In dimensional metrology it is necessary to carry out multi-axis angle and displacement measurement for high-precision positioning. Although the state-of-the-art linear displacement sensors have sub-nanometric measurement resolution, it is not easy to suppress the increase of measurement uncertainty when being applied for multi-axis angle and displacement measurement due to the Abbe errors and the influences of sensor misalignment. In this review article, the state-of-the-art multi-axis optical sensors, such as the three-axis autocollimator, the three-axis planar encoder, and the six-degree-of-freedom planar encoder based on a planar scale grating are introduced. With the employment of grating reflectors, measurement of multi-axis translational and angular displacement can be carried out while employing a single laser beam. Fabrication methods of a large-area planar scale grating based on a single-point diamond cutting with the fast tool servo technique and the interference lithography are also presented, followed by the description of the evaluation method of the large-area planar scale grating based on the Fizeau interferometer.

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“…on-machine and in-process surface metrology [164]. This kind of practice has long been observed in precision manufacturing of telescope mirrors, due to the tight tolerances of surface parameters and the large mirror size [211] [35] [84]. For instance, the process chain of manufacturing a 4.2 m off-axis aspheric telescope mirror was composed of casting, generating, grinding, polishing and figuring process stages [182].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-machine and in-process surface metrology for precision manufacturing

et al. 2019

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On-machine and in-process surface metrology are important for quality control in manufacturing of precision surfaces. The classifications, requirements and tasks of on-machine and in-process surface metrology are addressed. The state-of-the-art on-machine and in-process measurement systems and sensor technologies are presented. Error separation algorithms for removing machine tool errors, which is specially required in on-machine and in-process surface metrology, are overviewed, followed by a discussion on calibration and traceability. Advanced techniques on sampling strategies, measurement systems-machine tools interface, data flow and analysis as well as feedbacks for compensation manufacturing are then demonstrated. Future challenges and developing trends are also discussed.

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Precision Optics Manufacturing and Control for Next-Generation Large Telescopes

Cited by 34 publications

References 78 publications

Applying a 6 DoF Robotic Arm and Digital Twin to Automate Fan-Blade Reconditioning for Aerospace Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul

Applying a 6 DoF Robotic Arm and Digital Twin to Automate Fan-Blade Reconditioning for Aerospace Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul

Optical Sensors for Multi-Axis Angle and Displacement Measurement Using Grating Reflectors

On-machine and in-process surface metrology for precision manufacturing

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