Precomposting and green manure amendment for effective vermitransformation of hazardous coir industrial waste into enriched vermicompost

Karmegam, Natchimuthu; Jayakumar, Mani; Govarthanan, Muthusamy; Kumar, Ponnuchamy; Ravindran, Balasubramani; Biruntha, Muniyandi

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124136

Cited by 81 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Fig.3C). The results of fecundity rate in different vermibeds were consistent with previous reports on the vermicomposting of different organic wastes such as macrophyte biomass (Gusain and Suthar 2020a); industrial waste(Karmegam et al 2021) amended with cow manure and other nutrient supplements.…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Gusain and Suthar (2020a) observed that the amendment of cow manure is suitable for the transformation of these weeds into vermicompost using the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Further, the addition of cow manure, at least in small amounts, is essential for the growth and fecundity of earthworms (Karmegam et al 2021), which aids in the recovery of nutrients from them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gusain and Suthar 2020b; Balachander et al 2021). The other factors that may contribute to nitrogen enrichment in vermicompost nal products include mineralization of feeding substrate by microbes and earthworms, release of some previous workers who reported enhanced levels of total nitrogen when amended with cow manure and other nutrient supplements like 3.12% in paper industry sludge spiked with cow dung and green manure plants(Karmegam et al 2019), 2.90% in garden waste spiked with cow manure and spent mushroom substate(Gong et al2019), and 2.52% in coir pith waste incorporated with cow manure and other nutrient supplements(Karmegam et al 2021). This indicates that the amendment of cow manure and other nutrient supplements are crucial in the production of nutrient rich vermicompost(Karmegam et al 2019;Yuvaraj et al 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of nutrient-enriched vermicompost from aquatic macrophytes supplemented with egg shell, bone meal, banana peel, and tea waste: Assessment of nutrient changes, phytotoxicity, and earthworm biodynamics

Yatoo

Zaheen

Ali

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Vermicompost is an organic fertilizer rich in nutrients, beneficial microbes, and plant growth hormones that not only enhances the growth of crops but also contributes to the improvement of the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil. However, its lower nutrient content makes it less preferable among farmers and limits its applicability. The present study, evidently the first of its kind, was investigated to enrich the nutrient content of vermicompost by supplementing the macrophyte biomass with cow manure and organic nutrient supplements (egg shell, bone meal, banana peel, and tea waste). Results showed an enhanced TKN (2.87%), TP (0.86%), TK (3.74%) and other nutrients in vermicompost amended with cow manure and nutrient supplements. Highest biomass gain (710-782 mg), growth rate (11.83-13.04 mg), and reproduction rate (3.34-3.75 cocoons per worm) was also observed in T2 and T3, indicating that amending bulking agent and nutrient supplements not only enhance the nutrient content of the final product but also improve overall earthworm activity. The stability and maturity of vermicompost, as indicated by C/N (< 20) and GI (> 80), indicates that vermicompost obtained is suitable for agricultural applications. It is concluded that amendment of cow manure and organic nutrient supplements results in producing mature and nutrient enriched vermicompost suitable for sustainable agricultural production.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of nutrient-enriched vermicompost from aquatic macrophytes supplemented with egg shell, bone meal, banana peel, and tea waste: Assessment of nutrient changes, phytotoxicity, and earthworm biodynamics

Yatoo

Zaheen

Ali

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Previous reports have also mentioned the loss of 19–67% of carbon during the process of vermicomposting 85 , 86 where dehydrogenase activity plays a key role in the hydrolysis of cellobiose and other disaccharides during vermicomposting process 82 . It has been also reported that the chief mechanism for the carbon loss from the substrates could be attributed to the respiration of earthworms and microorganisms during the decomposition and transformation of substrates 87 , 88 . The Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Shafeeq

Baba

Yatoo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Himalayan ecosystem is characterized by its fragile climate with rich repositories of biodiversity. Waste collection and disposal are becoming increasingly difficult due to topographical variations. Aporrectodea caligenosa, a versatile psychrophillic soil dweller, is a useful biocatalyst with potent bio-augmented capability for waste treatment at low temperatures. Microcosm experiments were conducted to elucidate the comprehensive nature of biogenic nitrogen transformation to NH4+ and NO3− produced by coupling of earthworm-microbes. Higher biogenic recovery of NH4+-N from coprolites of garden soil (47.73 ± 1.16%) and Himalayan goat manure (86.32 ± 0.92%) with an increment of 14.12 and 47.21% respectively over their respective control (without earthworms) with a linear decline beyond 4th week of incubation was reported. NO3–-N recovery progressively sustained in garden soil and goat manure coprolites during entire incubation with highest 81.81 ± 0.45 and 87.20 ± 1.08 µg-N g−1dry weight recorded in 6th and 5th week of incubation respectively and peak increments as 38.58 and 53.71% relative to respective control (without earthworms). Declined NH4+–N in coprolites at low temperature (15.0 ± 2.0 °C) evidenced increased nitrification rates by taking over the process by abundant nitrifying microbes. Steady de-nitrification with progressive incubation on an average was 16.95 ± 0.46 ng-N g−1 per week and 21.08 ± 0.87 ng-N g−1 per week compared to 14.03 ± 0.58 ng-N g−1 per week and 4.50 ± 0.31 ng-N g−1 per week in respective control treatments. Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (SHNAD) was found to be a prominent bioprocess at low temperature that resulted in high and stable total nitrogen and nitrate accumulation from garden soil and goat manure with relative recovery efficiency of 11.12%, 14.97% and 14.20%; 19.34%. A. caligenosa shows promising prospects for mass applicability in biogenic N removal from manure of Himalayan goat.

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“…The two annelid species investigated in the present work, E. fetida and D. veneta, are widely spread in vermiculture in Europe. It is known that earthworms have a great capacity to process certain organic compounds rich in cellulose, lignin and high C content [79]. However, earthworms should not be used to degrade hospital waste, citrus, meat or industrial oils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composting the Invasive Toxic Seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae Using Five Invertebrate Species, and a Mini-review on Composting Macroalgae

Domínguez

García‐Gómez

Loring

et al. 2022

Waste Biomass Valor

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Since 2015, the invasive alga Rugulopteryx okamurae has explosively burst into the waters of the Strait of Gibraltar with serious repercussions on marine biodiversity, tourism and the fishing industry. Its elimination entails an enormous cost for the municipalities in the area and vermicomposting is proposed as a solution, but the anti-food secondary metabolites of the algae make it unfeasible. This work analyzed for the first time the bioremediation of this toxic algae using vermicomposting (Dendrobaena veneta and Eisenia fetida), blatticomposting (Eublaberus spp. “Ivory”), mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens). Both BSFL composting and blatticomposting are viable alternatives, as the toxics in the algae do not affect the long-term survival, growth or reproduction of these invertebrates. All other tested species do not resist consumption of R. okamurae. In parallel, a synthesis of current knowledge on marine macroalgae composting has been carried out. The results of this work will allow the use of insect farms in the upwelling areas that will eliminate algae, providing fertilizers and animal proteins that will be an economic aid to the municipalities in the affected coasts of southern Mediterranean Spain. Graphical Abstract

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Precomposting and green manure amendment for effective vermitransformation of hazardous coir industrial waste into enriched vermicompost

Cited by 81 publications

References 39 publications

Production of nutrient-enriched vermicompost from aquatic macrophytes supplemented with egg shell, bone meal, banana peel, and tea waste: Assessment of nutrient changes, phytotoxicity, and earthworm biodynamics

Production of nutrient-enriched vermicompost from aquatic macrophytes supplemented with egg shell, bone meal, banana peel, and tea waste: Assessment of nutrient changes, phytotoxicity, and earthworm biodynamics

Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Composting the Invasive Toxic Seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae Using Five Invertebrate Species, and a Mini-review on Composting Macroalgae

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