Preconcentration of thallium (I) by single drop microextraction with electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy detection using dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 as extractant system

Simultaneous electrochemical sensing of thallium, lead and mercury using a novel ionic liquid/graphene modified electrode

“…Also, electrochemical behaviours of different fabricated electrodes were recorded in Fe(CN) 6 3-/4-and KNO 3 solution usingCV (Fig. 2b).…”

“…High sensitive spectroscopic methods allow determining metals at levels of sub-µg L -1 [6,7]. However, the atomic spectrometric methods are expensive and not suitable for in-situ analysis of metals [6][7][8].…”

Recent development in liquid phase microextraction for determination of trace level concentration of metals—A review

“…The method was employed for the determination of Ag in water samples. In another study, they reported, a SDME-ETAAS method for the preconcentration of thallium (I) using dicyclohexane-18-Crown-6 as extractant [68]. For the improvement of selectivity of the system, EDTA was added as a masking agent.…”

Simultaneous determination of carbazole-based explosives in environmental waters by dispersive liquid—liquid microextraction coupled to HPLC with UV-Vis detection

“…These methods suffer from some disadvantages such as time consuming and requiring large volumes of expensive organic solvents with high-purity [16]. These limitations led to the development of other methods such as solid-phase extraction [18], solid-phase microextraction [19][20][21], micellar extraction [22], supercritical fluid extraction [23] solvent microextraction [24], single-drop microextraction [25], hollow fiber-based liquid-phase microextraction [26], and cloud point extraction [27]. These methods usually serve as sample preparation techniques which preconcentrate the analyte in the samples for analysis by one of the following techniques: high-performance liquid chromatography [28], gas chromatography [29], ion mobility spectrometry [30], capillary electrochromatography [31], supercritical fluid chromatography [32,33] or electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis [34].…”