Predation of adult palms by black-capuchin monkeys (&lt;i&gt;Cebus nigritus&lt;/i&gt;) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Brocardo, Carlos Rodrigo; Gonçalves, Henrique Santos; Zipparro, Valesca; Galetti, Mauro

doi:10.1896/044.017.0205

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In some populations of C. nigritus , the primary food resource during periods of resource scarcity (up to 73.6%) is the leaf bases of bromeliads [117] , [118] . Furthermore, C. nigritus populations have been reported to rely on tuberous roots of cassava plants during the dry season [119] , as well as on the hearts or the apical meristem of palm trees during the winter season [120] , highlighting once more dietary differences between apelloid species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Adaption on Cranial Morphological Integration in Capuchins (Order Primates, Genus Cebus)

2012

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A fundamental challenge of morphology is to identify the underlying evolutionary and developmental mechanisms leading to correlated phenotypic characters. Patterns and magnitudes of morphological integration and their association with environmental variables are essential for understanding the evolution of complex phenotypes, yet the nature of the relevant selective pressures remains poorly understood. In this study, the adaptive significance of morphological integration was evaluated through the association between feeding mechanics, ingestive behavior and craniofacial variation. Five capuchin species were examined, Cebus apella sensu stricto, Cebus libidinosus, Cebus nigritus, Cebus olivaceus and Cebus albifrons. Twenty three-dimensional landmarks were chosen to sample facial regions experiencing high strains during feeding, characteristics affecting muscular mechanical advantage and basicranial regions. Integration structure and magnitude between and within the oral and zygomatic subunits, between and within blocks maximizing modularity and within the face, the basicranium and the cranium were examined using partial-least squares, eigenvalue variance, integration indices compared inter-specifically at a common level of sampled population variance and cluster analyses. Results are consistent with previous findings reporting a relative constancy of facial and cranial correlation patterns across mammals, while covariance magnitudes vary. Results further suggest that food material properties structure integration among functionally-linked facial elements and possibly integration between the face and the basicranium. Hard-object-feeding capuchins, especially C.apella s.s., whose faces experience particularly high biomechanical loads are characterized by higher facial and cranial integration especially compared to C.albifrons, likely because morphotypes compromising feeding performance are selected against in species relying on obdurate fallback foods. This is the first study to report a link between food material properties and facial and cranial integration. Furthermore, results do not identify the consistent presence of cranial modules yielding support to suggestions that despite the distinct embryological imprints of its elements the cranium of placental mammals is not characterized by a modular architecture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Adaption on Cranial Morphological Integration in Capuchins (Order Primates, Genus Cebus)

2012

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“…In the absence of sloths, Harpy Eagles may take a disproportionately high toll on other arboreal mammal prey species, such as capuchin monkeys. In the Serra do Mar, capuchins have densities as high as 32 individuals per km 2 [100], and these monkeys are known to seasonally decimate threatened arborescent palms [101]. Problems related to capuchins crop-raiding forest plantations have also been reported elsewhere in the southern Atlantic Forest [102], where reintroduced Harpy Eagles could regulate monkey populations [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species distribution modeling reveals strongholds and potential reintroduction areas for the world’s largest eagle

et al. 2019

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The highly interactive nature of predator-prey relationship is essential for ecosystem conservation; predators have been extirpated, however, from entire ecosystems all over the Earth. Reintroductions comprise a management technique to reverse this trend. Species Distribution Models (SDM) are preemptive tools for release-site selection, and can define levels of habitat quality over the species distribution. The Atlantic Forest of South America has lost most of its apex predators, and Harpy Eagles Harpia harpyja —Earth’s largest eagle—are now limited to few forest pockets in this domain. Harpy Eagles are supposedly widespread in the Amazon Forest, however, where habitat loss and degradation is advancing at a rapid pace. We aim to describe the suitability of threatened Amazonian landscapes for this eagle. We also aim to assess the suitability of remaining Atlantic Forest sites for Harpy Eagle reintroductions. Here we show that that considerable eagle habitat has already been lost in Amazonia due to the expansion of the “Arc of Deforestation”, and that Amazonian forests currently represent 93% of the current distribution of the species. We also show that the Serra do Mar protected areas in southeastern Brazil is the most promising region for Harpy Eagle reintroductions in the Atlantic Forest. Reintroduction and captive breeding programs have been undertaken for Harpy Eagles, building the technical and biological basis for a successful restoration framework. Our distribution range for this species represents a 41% reduction of what is currently proposed by IUCN. Furthermore, habitat loss in Amazonia, combined with industrial logging and hunting suggest that the conservation status of this species should be reassessed. We suggest researchers and conservation practitioners can use this work to help expand efforts to conserve Harpy Eagles and their natural habitats.

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“…Capuchins from the Atlantic forest seem to rely heavily on plant material, particularly the leaf base of bromeliads, and palm petioles (Brocardo, Gonçalves, Zipparro, & Galetti, ; Izar et al, ) that may require specific motor demands associated with the complementary use of both hands. These populations of capuchins spend significantly more time consuming leaves than capuchins from the Caatinga dry forest, which tend to spend more time foraging for mobile prey (Izar et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand preferences and differences in extractive foraging in seven capuchin monkey species

Andrade

Sousa

2018

American J Primatol

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Tool use and extractive foraging could be drivers for right hand use preference. The robust capuchins, Sapajus, are more specialized for destructive and extractive foraging than the gracile capuchins, Cebus. Thus, we predicted them to show right-hand preference and higher rates of extractive foraging when compared to the gracile capuchins. We hypothesized that capuchins that evolved in dry habitats are predisposed to show higher rates of extractive foraging and right-hand preference. We employed the tube task (152 individuals) and an extractive foraging task (212 individuals) in seven species of capuchins in captive settings. Data on hand preference and extractive foraging were collected using focal and scan sampling, respectively. Contrary to our hypothesis, S. libidinosus showed significant left hand preference, while S. robustus and S. flavius showed a right hand preference. The species S. xanthosternos, S. flavius, and S. robustus engaged in extractive foraging significantly more often than S. apella, S. libidinosus, and Cebus albifrons. As expected, the gracile capuchins showed significant higher left-hand bias when compared to the robust capuchins. The findings from this study is the first indication of left-hand population level laterality in S. libidinosus, a species that evolved in an environment selecting for increased tool use. Although tool use has been associated with population level right handedness, or a strong trend to use the right hand, our results suggest the link between tool use and right-hand preference is simplistic, at least in Sapajus. The ultimate explanation for the differences in hand preference across species might be due to differences in use of key food resources. We suggest that capuchin monkeys from the Atlantic forest evolved under a stronger selective pressure for high reliance on bimanual feeding and extractive foraging, which requires more sequential actions and planning, than those species from the Amazonia forest and Caatinga/Cerrado dry forest.

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Predation of adult palms by black-capuchin monkeys (<i>Cebus nigritus</i>) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Abstract: No abstract

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

The Effect of Dietary Adaption on Cranial Morphological Integration in Capuchins (Order Primates, Genus Cebus)

The Effect of Dietary Adaption on Cranial Morphological Integration in Capuchins (Order Primates, Genus Cebus)

Species distribution modeling reveals strongholds and potential reintroduction areas for the world’s largest eagle

Hand preferences and differences in extractive foraging in seven capuchin monkey species

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