Predicates of Indonesian and English Simple Sentences

Abstract

This paper was developed from a research report presented in The Third Southern Region of Sumatera TEFLIN held by Sriwijaya University in 2014. Comments recieved by the participants of the seminar and following studies done on the topic made it possible for this article to find its way to be published in a journal. As Indonesian and English sentences realize their predicates by using different kinds of syntactic categories, most learners of English having Indonesian as their linguistic background face difficulties in understanding the language. This is a contrastive study done by conducting an analytical analysis on simple sentences of both languages. The result of this research shows that both English and Indonesian sentences employ verbs as their predicates. However, in addition to verbs, Indonesian sentences also use other kinds of syntactic categories such as nouns, adjectives, etc. to be the predicates of sentences. These main differences of English and Indonesian systems have to be underlined in learning process and teaching English to learners in order to avoid grammatical mistakes.

Morpho-Semantic of Predicate in Indonesian

“…Therefore, a non-verbal predicate can be noun, adjective, preposition, adverbial, and number. The result of this study is supported by the previous study conducted by Gulö (2019) and Kartika et al (2019), who found that the predicates in the Indonesian language can be in the form of verbs, adjectives, and nouns. Specifically, Moeljadi et al (2016) found that there are three types of the basic copula in Indonesian, they are Noun Phrase (NP), Adjective Phrase (AP), and Prepositional Phrase (PP) that may occur without a copula verb.…”

“…Table 3 shows that the predicate is filled by adjective phrase sangat lesu 'very weak' in (12), masih buka 'still open' in (13), benar-benar steril 'completely sterile' at (15), harus jelas 'must be clear' in (16), and adjective sakit 'sick' in (14), takut 'scare' in (17). All the adjective predicates require one argument that functions as the subject of the sentence.…”

“…All the adjective predicates require one argument that functions as the subject of the sentence. Therefore, the adjectival predicate constructions (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) are classified as one-argument predicate sentences.…”

English Equivalents for Indonesian Relative Pronoun ‘yang’: A Comparative Study

“…It is part of a bilingual edition of short stories (Indonesian and English). Accordingly, (Gulö, 2019) argues that an alternative method to collect data from the existing document is the content-analysis method. Moreover, (Kothari, 2004) posits that the content-analysis method is an appropriate way to study the message in an existing document or verbal material.…”

Lampung Clause Complexes: A Paratactic Configuration Study

“…Furthermore, to find data in the passages, this research applied documentary search (Atkinson and Coffey, 2004). Furthermore, this research used content analysis to collect data from the existing document (Gulo, 2017).…”