Predictable Communication and Migration in the Quest-V Separation Kernel

Li, Ye; West, Richard; Cheng, Zhuoqun; Missimer, Eric

doi:10.1109/rtss.2014.17

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Kim et al [27] proposed a priority boosting mechanism for virtual CPUs. Other works targeted the Quest-V separation kernel [19,20,28]: a summary of such works is reported by West et al [29].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An I/O Virtualization Framework With I/O-Related Memory Contention Control for Real-Time Systems

Borgioli

Zini

Casini

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst.

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Modern applications are often characterized by a tight interaction with I/O devices. At the same time, many application domains are also facing a shift towards an integrated approach where multiple applications with mixed levels of safety and security need to co-exist on top of a shared hardware platform, which is typically managed by a hypervisor. This gives rise to the need for a predictable mechanism allowing multiple virtual machines to share I/O devices, while at the same time controlling contention delays when they access global memory.To deal with these shortcomings, this paper proposes an I/O virtualization framework providing support for controlling the I/O-related memory contention by leveraging the ARM QoS-400 regulators. Extensive experiments are performed to compare the proposed solution with the Xen hypervisor, showing improvements up to 8x when controlling the I/O-related memory contention.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An I/O Virtualization Framework With I/O-Related Memory Contention Control for Real-Time Systems

Borgioli

Zini

Casini

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst.

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“…However, task migration should be carefully administered and minimized as it is associated with nonnegligible overhead and potential disruptions for admitted pipelines. Nevertheless, predictable migration [47] enables admission of new pipelines in a multiprocessor system. Our evaluation results in Section 7.4 demonstrates the benefit of migrations in terms of the number of dynamically accepted pipelines.…”

Section: Runtime Task Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Solution] End-to-end Scheduling of Real-time Task Pipelines on Multiprocessors

Sinha¹,

West²

2022

Journal of Systems Research

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Real-time embedded systems require significant analyses to ensure that their timing and functional correctness are met. With increasing complexities in hardware and software, this is a challenging proposition. Researchers have studied task-pipelines (also known as cause-effect chains) to deal with new applications in domains such as IoT and the advent of software frameworks such as ROS. In spite of increased usage of task pipelines there is scant work in analysis tools that can guarantee end-to-end properties. This paper aims to fix that by developing a constraint solver algorithm, "CoPi", that can derive runtime budgets and periods of individual pipelines tasks. This information can then be used to analyse the end-to-end constraints of the real-time system.The paper then extends this to multiprocessor systems that can handle multiple task pipelines, which in itself is quite a challenge. This fills a gap in the scheduling literature of pipeline-based task models and presents a nice heuristic optimization. The authors also present an extensive evaluation on open-source baselines for a large parameter space. Given the QoS constraints in many datacenter applications today, the paper also highlights possible design choices for scheduling in datacenter systems, thus demonstrating wide applicability. Hence CoPi has the potential to be influential in real-time, IoT and even datacenter systems.

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“…Each sandbox runs its own kernel and schedules tasks directly on the cores in this sandbox. With this architecture, Quest-V establishes a predictable model and addresses the communication delay due to scheduling [26].…”

Section: A Real-time Virtualzation Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Mode Virtualization for Soft Real-Time Systems

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS)

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Real-time virtualization is an emerging technology for embedded systems integration and latency-sensitive cloud applications. Earlier real-time virtualization platforms require offline configuration of the scheduling parameters of virtual machines (VMs) based on their worst-case workloads, but this static approach results in pessimistic resource allocation when the workloads in the VMs change dynamically. Here, we present Multi-Mode-Xen (M2-Xen), a real-time virtualization platform for dynamic real-time systems where VMs can operate in modes with different CPU resource requirements at run-time. M2-Xen has three salient capabilities: (1) dynamic allocation of CPU resources among VMs in response to their mode changes, (2) overload avoidance at both the VM and host levels during mode transitions, and (3) fast mode transitions between different modes. M2-Xen has been implemented within Xen 4.8 using the real-time deferrable server (RTDS) scheduler. Experimental results show that M2-Xen maintains real-time performance in different modes, avoids overload during mode changes, and performs fast mode transitions. Disciplines

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Predictable Communication and Migration in the Quest-V Separation Kernel

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

An I/O Virtualization Framework With I/O-Related Memory Contention Control for Real-Time Systems

An I/O Virtualization Framework With I/O-Related Memory Contention Control for Real-Time Systems

[Solution] End-to-end Scheduling of Real-time Task Pipelines on Multiprocessors

Multi-Mode Virtualization for Soft Real-Time Systems

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