Predicting infiltration of the surface layer of natural enamel caries

Meira, Kássia Regina Simões; Brito, Camila Santos de Mattos; Sousa, Frederico Barbosa de

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.03.001

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Consistently with previous reports on the infiltration of aqueous solutions [Meira et al, 2015] and oil (quinoline) [de Mattos Brito et al, 2018] in human NEC and resin infiltrant in human fluorotic enamel [De Sousa et al, 2017], subsurface lesions presented a small fraction of the pore volume available for infiltration, and the resin-occluded pore consisted in the sum of resin, air, firmly bound water, and organic matter. Validation of resin infiltration with confocal laser scanning microscopy exploring the autofluorescence of the resin infiltrant (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Artificial caries induction involves the random diffusion of mineral ions in the lesion, and conditions favoring de-and remineralization do not colocalize within each lesion [Anderson and Elliott, 1992] so that mineral volumes at different histological points in the same caries lesion can be considered as independent. However, component volumes other than the mineral volume exert some influence on the transport of liquids into carious enamel [Meira et al, 2015;De Sousa et al, 2017]. Due to the relatively low incorporated organic matter and short caries induction time, different histological points within a single ground section could present similar component volumes, thus violating the principle of independent data that is required for composing the sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thus, the occluded pore volumes reported here are expected to be higher than those obtainable after in vivo caries infiltration. Such a histological immersion was used because it allows the quantification of the resin-occluded pore volume considering all component volumes of enamel pores (loosely and firmly bound water volumes, and the organic volume) [Meira et al, 2015;De Sousa et al, 2017]. In this context, the methodology here is useful for testing the second null hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same histological points selected before, birefringence in water (24 h of water immersion) was measured using the single polscope [Meira et al, 2015;De Sousa et al, 2017]. Using mineral volumes measured previously, organic and water volumes were obtained by the interpretation of enamel birefringence with the equations that follow below.…”

Section: Organic and Water Volume Analysis (Total And Loosely Bound Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After drying (48 h at 25 ° C and 50% of relative humidity), all lesions became opaque so that a mathematical approximation [Macena et al, 2014] was used to quantify loosely bound volume as described recently [Meira et al, 2015;De Sousa et al, 2017]:…”

Section: Organic and Water Volume Analysis (Total And Loosely Bound Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Amount of Organic Matter during Caries Formation Reduces Remineralization and Resin Infiltration of Enamel Caries

et al. 2018

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The amount of organic material in the cariogenic environment correlates with the amount of organic material incorporated in carious enamel. The incorporated organic material may be expected to reduce the pore volumes available for remineralization and resin infiltration, but these expected outcomes have not yet been quantified. We tested the effect of the amount of organic content in the cariogenic agent on remineralization and the resin-occluded pore volume in artificial subsurface enamel caries. An acid gel (organic-rich; G1) and an aqueous solution (organic-poor; G2) were used to induce subsurface lesions in human enamel. Undemineralized histological sections were prepared, microradiographed, and then submitted to resin infiltration in vitro. The enamel component volumes (mineral, organic, remineralizable [total water volume], loosely and firmly bound water volumes, and resin-occluded volume) were measured (by microradiography and polarizing microscopy) at histological sites (n = 38, G1; n = 34, G2). The main outcomes were the differences between the experimental and the predicted volumes (Δremineralizable and Δresin-occluded volumes). Resin infiltration was confirmed by confocal scanning laser microscopy. Compared to G2, G1 presented more incorporated organic volume and lower Δremineralizable volume (p = 0.003; Hedges g = 0.66; power = 0.87), a lower increase in loosely bound water volume (p = 0.0013; Hedges g = 0.74; power = 0.93), a lower remineralization volume in the surface layer (p = 0.017; Hedges g = 0.68; power = 0.8), and a lower Δresin-occluded volume (p = 0.0015; Hedges g = 0.73; power = 0.92). In conclusion, the higher amount of organic matter in the cariogenic gel negatively affected remineralization and the resin-occluded volume in subsurface lesions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic and Water Volume Analysis (Total And Loosely Bound Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic and Water Volume Analysis (Total And Loosely Bound Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Amount of Organic Matter during Caries Formation Reduces Remineralization and Resin Infiltration of Enamel Caries

et al. 2018

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Natural enamel caries in quinoline: Volumetric data and the pattern of infiltration

Brito

Meira

Sousa

2017

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This study aimed to test the hypotheses that (i) a parameter related to permeability, α (ratio of squared water volume by the nonmineral volume) is, among all major component volumes (mineral, water, and organic volumes) the best predictor of quinoline infiltration in natural enamel caries (NEC), and (ii) the pore volume fraction infiltrated by quinoline (V ) in NEC is much lower than previous estimates that neglected water and organic enamel volumes. Mineral and nonmineral volumes and α were measured at 341 histological points (from 20 approximal NEC lesions), and transport of quinoline was tracked by orientation-independent polarizing microscopy. R values of V were 0.596 (α ), 0.033 (mineral volume), 0.474 (water volume), and 0.011 (organic volume). V values were 23% (body of the lesion), 7% (dark zone), and 9% (translucent zone), lower than previous estimates (with high effect size). Transport of quinoline occurred both parallelly and perpendicularly to prism paths, and dark zones were seen where only transport parallel to prisms occurred. In conclusion, α was the main predictor of quinoline infiltration, but it differed from the water volume with a small effect size, and the pore volume fraction with quinoline was much lower than previous estimates.

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On the method of revealing enamel structure by acid etching. Aspects of optimization and interpretation

Risnes

2019

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The study aimed at finding an optimal combination of acid concentration and etching time when nitric acid is used as etchant for the study of the finer details of human dental enamel structure. Four hundred 2–3‐mm‐thick segments of facio‐lingually sectioned human third molar crowns were assigned to 20 groups with 20 specimens in each group, each group differing with respect to acid concentration (0.1, 1, 2.5, and 5%) and etching time (15, 30, 45, 90, and 180 s). After etching and preparation, specimens were observed in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Surface roughness/topography increased with increasing acid concentration and increasing etching time, but not in a linear fashion; generally, prisms tended to go from flat‐surfaced to cone‐shaped and prism sheaths from fissure‐like to wedge‐shaped. Intragroup variations and intergroup similarities were considerable. The two major enamel factors determining the etch effect are crystal orientation and prism sheath properties. Other factors, such as distribution of porosities and crystal quality, also contribute probably. Slight to moderate topography is best for observing the finer enamel structure, for example, etching with concentrations in the range 0.1–1% and with etching times in the range 15–90 s, the stronger the acid, the shorter the time. The depth effect of nitric acid is judged to be relatively small. Considerable variations in expression of prism cross‐striations were observed. SEM observations of acid‐etched enamel in carefully selected planes are a powerful method for the study of enamel structure, bearing in mind the artifactual aspects of the observed surface.

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Predicting infiltration of the surface layer of natural enamel caries

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

High Amount of Organic Matter during Caries Formation Reduces Remineralization and Resin Infiltration of Enamel Caries

High Amount of Organic Matter during Caries Formation Reduces Remineralization and Resin Infiltration of Enamel Caries

Natural enamel caries in quinoline: Volumetric data and the pattern of infiltration

On the method of revealing enamel structure by acid etching. Aspects of optimization and interpretation

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