2010
DOI: 10.1038/nature09304
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Predicting protein structures with a multiplayer online game

Abstract: People exert significant amounts of problem solving effort playing computer games. Simple image- and text-recognition tasks have been successfully crowd-sourced through gamesi, ii, iii, but it is not clear if more complex scientific problems can be similarly solved with human-directed computing. Protein structure prediction is one such problem: locating the biologically relevant native conformation of a protein is a formidable computational challenge given the very large size of the search space. Here we descr… Show more

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Cited by 1,187 publications
(867 citation statements)
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References 10 publications
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“…Common examples are visual pattern recognition [17] and catching a flying ball subject to wind and air resistance [1]. Citizen science projects such as Foldit [3], EyeWire [5] and Galaxy Zoo [18] employ these human skills to solve highly complex research problems via gamification. We ask whether citizen science projects can be extended from these puzzle and pattern recognition tasks to dynamic challenges, and whether this approach can be implemented on quantum physics problems.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Common examples are visual pattern recognition [17] and catching a flying ball subject to wind and air resistance [1]. Citizen science projects such as Foldit [3], EyeWire [5] and Galaxy Zoo [18] employ these human skills to solve highly complex research problems via gamification. We ask whether citizen science projects can be extended from these puzzle and pattern recognition tasks to dynamic challenges, and whether this approach can be implemented on quantum physics problems.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2008, researchers at the University of Washington created an online game called Foldit (Cooper et al, 2010), allowing the public to play games in which they model the genetic makeup of proteins. At the end of a three-week competition in 2010, top-scoring players had generated phase estimates that allowed researchers…”
Section: Cognitive Benefits Of Gamingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With improved computational architectures, and more efficient soware tools, recent years have seen the development of systems with 'on-the-y' visualizations that are dynamically updated while the simulation is running. These systems allow humans to watch simulation progress generated from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, 2 molecular docking, 3,4 hybrid structure prediction tools, 5 course-grained models, 6 and even quantum chemistry methods. 7 'On-the-y' visualization naturally led a number of groups to investigate interactive interfaces for molecular simulation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14,15 (3) Molecular substituents, where the user can pinpoint particular atoms or functional groups and manipulate them with an external force, thereby 'steering' the simulation program's internal propagation, similar to the sort of manipulations which are possible using atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. 16 Keyboard and mouse interfaces are utilized in such systems, 5,17 but the most popular interface has been haptic devices, 3,4,7,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] which offer up to six degrees of freedom (compared to two for a mouse). As such, they are well suited to facilitating user interaction with 3D molecular simulations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%