“…The systems include the immobilized artificial membrane (Barbato et al, 1998), biopartitioning micellar chromatography (Escuder-Gilabert et al, 2003;Waters et al, 2013), liposome electrokinetic chromatography (Wang et al, 2009), and keratin immobilized on the silica as a stationary phase (Turowski and Kaliszan, 1997). However, in respect to the optimization of the formulation destined for the administration onto the skin, the effects of various additives and carriers/vehicles on the drug penetration, these chromatographic systems exhibit a very limited potential and are therefore not further discussed in this review.…”