Predicting the effects of forest encroachment for Sedum lanceolatum and Rhodiola integrifolia at a subalpine ecotone

Ee, Josh van; Westbrook, Matthew; Yadav, Sunita; Roland, Jens; Matter, Stephen F.

doi:10.1007/s00035-015-0148-0

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Lack of an effect is perhaps not surprising given that S. lanceolatum is perennial, is a succulent, is very abundant at our study site (van Ee et al. ), and suffers little from feeding damage (Illerbrun and Roland ). As a succulent, S. lanceolatum can tolerate drought, and by preferring to grow on well drained gravel soils it is not prone to inundation due to heavy rain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Within the meadows, the host plant, S. lanceolatum , is more abundant near treeline (Illerbrun and Roland ), where snow accumulation is more abundant and predictable than in open meadow (van Ee et al. ). Although P. smintheus do not oviposit on Sedum directly, they do tend to oviposit near the host plant (Fownes and Roland ), and by doing so likely ensure that at least some eggs are successful even in years with very little snow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, S. lanceolatum may be an abundant and reliable resource for P. smintheus larvae irrespective of rainfall in early summer, even though S. lanceolatum distribution itself is affected by spatial variation in snow cover and distance above treeline (Illerbrun and Roland , van Ee et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Crassulaceae), a perennial “succulent” plant growing on well‐drained gravelly soils (van Ee et al. ). Caterpillars hatch after snow melt, usually in May, and pupate in the soil by late June (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pivotal effect of early‐winter temperatures and snowfall on population growth of alpineParnassius smintheusbutterflies

Roland

Matter

2016

Ecological Monographs

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Geographic range shifts in species' distributions, due to climate change, imply altered dynamics at both their northern and southern range limits, or at upper and lower elevational limits. There is therefore a need to identify specific weather or climate variable(s), and life stages or cohorts on which they act, and how these affect population growth. Identifying such variables permits prediction of population increase or decline under a changing climate, and shifts in a species' geographic range. For relatively well studied groups, such as butterflies, geographic range shifts are well documented, but weather variables and mechanisms causing those shifts are not well known. The Holarctic butterfly genus Parnassius (Papilionidae) inhabits northern and alpine environments subject to variable and extreme weather. As such, Parnassius species are vulnerable not only to long-term changes in average conditions but especially to short-term extreme weather events. We use population growth estimates for the alpine butterfly, Parnassius smintheus, from 21 populations in the Rocky Mountains of Canada over a 20-yr interval combined with techniques of machine learning (randomForests) and parametric modeling to identify the important weather variables determining population growth. We do this to determine the seasons and life stages of P. smintheus most affected by climate change. Extreme minimum and maximum temperatures in November, in combination with November snowfall, affect annual population growth most, more so than do mean temperatures in November, and more so than weather at any other time of year. Populations decline both in years with low extreme minimum temperatures in November and especially in years with high extreme maximum temperatures in November, indicating that overwintering eggs are particularly vulnerable to early-winter weather. Snowfall ameliorates the negative effects of extreme temperatures, particularly for extreme warm events. Results provide insight into biological mechanisms by which overwintering eggs might be affected by early winter weather. Shortterm extreme weather in November, acting on a single pivotal life stage (egg) is a far better predictor of population change of alpine P. smintheus butterflies than is the general index of climate, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pivotal effect of early‐winter temperatures and snowfall on population growth of alpineParnassius smintheusbutterflies

Roland

Matter

2016

Ecological Monographs

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“…). Meadows contain host plants for P. smintheus larvae in this area: lance‐leaved stonecrop, Sedum lanceolatum and ledge stonecrop, >1% Rhodiola integrifolia (van Ee et al ., ), as well as numerous flowers that adults use for nectar (Matter et al ., ). Forest surrounding meadows consists of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta ), subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa ), and Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ), but do not contain resources for the butterfly.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersing maleParnassius smintheusbutterflies are more strongly affected by forest matrix than are females

et al. 2018

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Dispersal is a central aspect of the ecology, evolution, and conservation of species. Predicting how species will respond to changing environmental conditions requires understanding factors that produce variation in dispersal. We explore one source of variation, differences between sexes within a spatial population network. Here, we compare the dispersal patterns of male and female Parnassius smintheus among 18 subpopulations over 8 years using the Virtual Migration Model. Estimated dispersal parameters differed between males and females, particularly with respect to movement through meadow and forest matrix habitat. The estimated dispersal distances of males through forest were much less than for females. Observations of female movement showed that, unlike males, females do not avoid forest nor does forest exert an edge effect. We explored whether further forest encroachment in this system would have different effects for males and females by fitting mean parameter estimates to the landscape configuration seen in 1993 and 2012. Despite differences in their dispersal due presumably to both habitat and physiological differences, males and females are predicted to respond in similar ways to reduced meadow area and increased forest isolation.

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There “ain't no mountain high enough”?: The drivers, diversity and sustainability of China's Rhodiola trade

Cunningham

Luo

et al. 2020

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Predicting the effects of forest encroachment for Sedum lanceolatum and Rhodiola integrifolia at a subalpine ecotone

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Pivotal effect of early‐winter temperatures and snowfall on population growth of alpineParnassius smintheusbutterflies

Pivotal effect of early‐winter temperatures and snowfall on population growth of alpineParnassius smintheusbutterflies

Dispersing maleParnassius smintheusbutterflies are more strongly affected by forest matrix than are females

There “ain't no mountain high enough”?: The drivers, diversity and sustainability of China's Rhodiola trade

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