Predicting the Flexural Rigidity of Thermoplastic Structural Foams

Hobbs, S. Y.

doi:10.1177/0021955x7601200501

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Later, Moore et al [15] proposed a simple empirical power-law model to account for nonlinear behavior. Hobbs [16] proposed several equivalent density beams to simplify the calculations. This led to the famous I-beam model.…”

Section: Flexural Modulus Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural Modulus of Symmetric and Asymmetric Structural Foams

Chen

Rodrigue²

2009

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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In this work, the preparation and characterization of symmetric and asymmetric structural foams is presented. Using low-density polyethylene and modified azodicarbonamide, a compression molding technique is presented to produce structural foams while controlling the skin thickness on both sides. The resulting foams were characterized in terms of foam density, skin thickness, and flexural modulus. It was found that foams having equal skin thickness on each side have the same apparent flexural modulus irrespective of the side the load is applied and the results are well predicted by the modified I-beam model of Hobbs. On the other hand, foams having unequal skin thickness have a higher apparent flexural modulus when the load is applied on the thicker side. This asymmetry in flexural modulus can be well described by a simple correlation using the skin thickness asymmetry ratio and the core void fraction.

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Section: Flexural Modulus Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural Modulus of Symmetric and Asymmetric Structural Foams

Chen

Rodrigue²

2009

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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“…For I-Beam B, C, D and E, each model's total area of cross section is made to be equal to that of I-Beam A. The equivalent of moment of inertia I~ for these five I-Beam models are listed in Equations (3)- (7) [10]. In addition, the derivation of the equation for I-Beam E model is also provided in Appendix.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E'/Es, i. e. the reduced flexural modulus of a structural foam can then be obtained by the following equations [10]:…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rule of mixture was proposed by Moore and Iremonger for predicting the flexural modulus of structural foam [9]. Hobbs proposed four different shapes of I-Beams so as to make a comparison with the experimental data [10]. A power law model for estimating the the flexural modulus was later proposed by Throne, although only being an empircal one [1 1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, Hobbs [10] proposed four I-Beam models. In each I-Beam model, linear and ~:To whom all correspondences should be addressed square-in-square models [7] were employed for calculating the average Young's modulus of a foamed core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the flexural modulus of structural foams

Yeh

1994

J Polym Res

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Abstact: An investigation based on I-Beam models was undertaken in this paper for extending knowledge regarding the flexural modulus of structural foam. The applicability of five I-Beams models (I-Beam A, B, C, D and E) including a newly developed one (I-Beam E) were investigated in this work. The square law model was used to predict Young's modulus of uniform density foam, which was subsequently utilized for the calculation of the I-Beam models. I-Beam A, B and E were observed from the configuration analysls of each I-Beam to be the more suitable models for predicting the tqexural modulus of the structural foams having either an integral skin or a skin with limited residual bubbles, among which I-Beam E is considered to be better than I-Beam B and A. The comparison of the experimental and theoretical values of the flexural modulus of the structural foams molded with gas counter pressure structural foam (CPSF) and low pressure structural foam (LPSF) molding methods also confirmed that the newly developed I-Beam E is the most adequate model for predicting the flexural modulus of structural foams having either an integral skin or a skin with few residual bubbles. I-Beam B and A were also demonstrated to be in good agreement with the experimental data.

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High‐density polyethylene foams. I. Polymer and foam characterization

Zhang

Rodrigue

Aı̈t-Kadi

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The density and morphology of closed-cell high-density foams were investigated with four different molecular weights of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The characterization of polyethylene via rheological methods was used to determine its influence on foam density and morphology. We found that foaming grade decreased with increasing molecular weight and increased with blowing agent content. The average cell size was also a strong function of molecular weight and blowing agent content. Increasing both the molecular weight and amount of blowing agent decreased the cell size. Cell size also increased for our lowest molecular weight HDPE but decreased for the others. Cell density also increased with increasing HDPE molecular weight.

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Predicting the Flexural Rigidity of Thermoplastic Structural Foams

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Flexural Modulus of Symmetric and Asymmetric Structural Foams

Flexural Modulus of Symmetric and Asymmetric Structural Foams

Studies on the flexural modulus of structural foams

High‐density polyethylene foams. I. Polymer and foam characterization

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