Predicting Transportation Outcomes for LEED Projects

Ewing, Reid; Greenwald, Michael J.; Zhang, Ming; Bogaerts, Meghan; Greene, William H.

doi:10.1177/0739456x13482978

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Such interactive relationships generated between data will violate the assumption that all variables in the traditional regression model are independent of each other, so that the standardized error obtained by the traditional regression model will deviate from the actual value, and the wrong standardized coefficient will be obtained [35] The MLM model can solve this problem, and is widely used in education, public health, and other research fields to process data groups with correlation between variables. In recent years, MLM has been used increasingly in urban studies [36][37][38]. The hierarchical structure diagram of MLM used in this study is provided in Fig.…”

Section: Fig 2 Patronage Distribution Of Rail Stations In Shanghaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Attraction of Urban Rail Transit According to TOD: A Case of Shanghai

Zhang¹,

Zhong²,

Zhang³

2018

Preprint

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The concept of transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely recognized in recent years for its role in reducing car traffic, improving public transportation, and enhancing traffic sustainability. This paper conducts empirical research on a developed rail transit network, using Shanghai as a case study. In addition to traditional TOD features, other factors based on urban rail transit are introduced, including multi-level modeling (MLM), which is used to analyze the possible factors influencing rail patronage. To avoid the bias of research results led by the correlation between independent variables, factors are divided into two levels. The first level includes three groups of variables: the built environment, station characteristics, and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The second level includes a set of variables which are regional characteristics. Results show that the most significant impact on train patronage is station location in the business district area. Other factors that have a positive effect on promoting rail transit travel include the number of service facilities around the station, degree of employment around the station, economic level, intensity of residential development, if the station is a transfer station, the operating period of the station, and the size of the large transportation hub around the station.

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Section: Fig 2 Patronage Distribution Of Rail Stations In Shanghaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Attraction of Urban Rail Transit According to TOD: A Case of Shanghai

Zhang¹,

Zhong²,

Zhang³

2018

Preprint

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“…A major obstacle to achieve sustainable mobility in Sweden is the urban form. Many neighbourhoods, towns and cities, as elsewhere in the developed countries Inversely, transportation professionals use land uses or density of development (usually as number of jobs and residents) to predict trip generation [55][56][57]. The trip generation models are based on empirical research on travel patterns from specific land uses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trip generation models are based on empirical research on travel patterns from specific land uses. The "Trip Generation Manual" [56] compiles and continuously updates the empirical knowledge on the effect of hundreds of land uses. The D-variables are also used to estimate trip generation rates [55][56][57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Form and Mobility Choices: Informing about Sustainable Travel Alternatives, Carbon Emissions and Energy Use from Transportation in Swedish Neighbourhoods

Stojanovski

2019

Sustainability

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The lack of mobility choices in many Swedish neighbourhoods and cities designed for automobiles hinders the possibilities to shift towards more sustainable travel alternatives. Urban designers and planners can help with redesigning these neighbourhoods and creating urban forms that encourage walking, cycling and increased use of public transportation if they are informed about the environmental performance and carbon implications of transportation systems in existing and newly planned neighbourhoods. This paper proposes a mobility choices model based on urban form and accessibility factors commonly used in urban planning and design practices. The mobility choices model produces heat maps and visually informs about the integration with walking, cycling, public transportation and private car, modal shares, carbon emissions and transportation energy use. This information can (potentially) trigger urban transformation or redesign to better integrate sustainable travel alternatives in these neighbourhoods and contribute to more sustainable cities. Many houses can have an excellent environmental performance as buildings but they can be located at a distance where it is impossible to walk, cycle or use public transportation. The benefits of energy efficient and carbon neutral home then disappears with extensive travel and commuting by automobile.

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“…Moreover, current notions of how to reduce energy demand and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions also align with Jacobs' ideas of a diverse and economically successful urban area (Seto et al 2014;Otkay, 2012;Kennedy, 2011;Talen, 2011;Jabareen, 2006). Indeed some quantitative analysis has been conducted in this regard; for example, Ewing et al (2013) found that mixed-use developments built to LEED-ND (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design -New Development) standards have been estimated to reduce per capita vehiclekilometers traveled (VKT) by 24-60%. Porter (2009) suggests that a 12% reduction in national transportation-related GHGs through aggressive implementation of compact land use approaches (i.e., transit-oriented development).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersections of Jane Jacobs’ Conditions for Diversity and Low-Carbon Urban Systems: A Look at Four Global Cities

Mohareb

Derrible

Peiravian

2016

J. Urban Plann. Dev.

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Countless cities are rapidly developing across the globe, pressing the need for clear urban planning and design recommendations geared towards sustainability. This article examines the intersections of Jane Jacobs' four conditions for diversity with low-carbon and low-energy use urban systems in four cities around the world: Lyon (France), Chicago (United-States), Kolkata (India), and Singapore (Singapore). After reviewing Jacobs' four conditions for diversity, we introduce the four cities and describe their historical development context. We then present a framework to study the cities along three dimensions: population and density, infrastructure development/use, and climate and landscape. These cities differ in many respects and their analysis is instructive for many other cities around the globe. Jacobs' conditions are present in all of them, manifested in different ways and to varying degrees. Overall we find that the adoption of Jacobs' conditions seems to align well with concepts of low-carbon urban systems, with their focus on walkability, transit-oriented design, and more efficient land use (i.e., smaller unit sizes). Transportation sector emissions seems to demonstrate a stronger influence from the presence of Jacobs' conditions, while the link was less pronounced in the building sector. Kolkata, a low-income, developing world city, seems to possess many of Jacobs' conditions, while exhibiting low per capita emissions-maintaining both of these during its economic expansion will take careful consideration. Greenhouse gas mitigation, however, is inherently an in situ problem and the first task must therefore be to gain local knowledge of an area before developing strategies to lower its carbon footprint.

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Predicting Transportation Outcomes for LEED Projects

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Attraction of Urban Rail Transit According to TOD: A Case of Shanghai

Attraction of Urban Rail Transit According to TOD: A Case of Shanghai

Urban Form and Mobility Choices: Informing about Sustainable Travel Alternatives, Carbon Emissions and Energy Use from Transportation in Swedish Neighbourhoods

Intersections of Jane Jacobs’ Conditions for Diversity and Low-Carbon Urban Systems: A Look at Four Global Cities

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