Prediction and characterization of surface roughness using sandblasting and acid etching process on new non-toxic titanium biomaterial: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference System

Abstract

An adaptive neuro-fuzzy system (ANFIS) model was employed to predict the surface roughness. Surface roughening of titanium biomaterials has a crucial effect on increasing the biocompatibility. For this purpose, sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) has been introduced as an effective method to change the surface texturing and roughness. Subsequent processes-polishing, sandblasting and acid etching or SLA-were employed to modify the surface. Alumina particles for surface blasting and Kroll's etchant (3 ml HF ? 6 ml HNO 3 ? 100 ml H 2 O) for acid etching were utilized in this experiment. This was performed for three different periods of time (10, 20 and 30 s) and temperatures (25, 45 and 60 centigrade). Correspondingly, the Ti-13Zr-13Nb surfaces were evaluated using a field emission scanning electron microscope for texturing, contact mode profile meter for the average surface roughness (Ra) (nm) and atomic force microscopy for surface texturing at the nano-scale. In addition, the surface roughness was reduced in each condition, particularly in extremely high conditions. Significantly, the ANFIS model predicted the Ra amount of textured surface with an error band of 10 %. This research presents an idea to use the ANFIS model to obtain proper biological signs on the roughened surface in terms of surface roughness.

Potential Causes of Titanium Particle and Ion Release in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Review

“…This thin layer (1.5–10 nm thickness) is formed due to the high affinity of Ti for oxygen [ 81 , 82 ]. The oxide layer protects the bulk material from reactive species and consists of TiO 2 coexisting with other titanium oxides, such as TiO and Ti 2 O 3 [ 83 , 84 ]. The resistance to corrosion of titanium implants originates in this titanium oxide layer [ 85 , 86 , 87 ].…”

Biological responses to physicochemical properties of biomaterial surface

“…176,193 The broadly used techniques for producing and controlling surface protrusions and/or depressions are blasting, electropolishing, nanoparticle/fiber formation, and nanofabrication technologies such as photolithography. 176,194,195 Using chemical surface treatments such as acid etching can further increase the surface roughness when compared with traditional machining techniques. 196 The biomaterial surface roughness can directly dictate specific cellular responses.…”

Impact of Engineering Surface Treatment on Surface Properties of Biomedical TC4 Alloys under a Simulated Human Environment

“…Then, the surfaces of the specimens were treated by finish turning (specimen A). The specimens were fine turned and washed ultrasonically in acetone and ethanol [24,25]. Finally, the surfaces of the Ti alloys were treated by different surface treatments, i.e., sandblasting (specimen B), anodic oxidation (specimen C), and anodic oxidation after sandblasting (specimen D).…”