Prediction of Adolescent Affective Disorder: Effects of Prior Parental Affective Disorders and Child Psychopathology

Beardslee, William R.; Keller, Martin B.; Seifer, Ronald; Lavori, Philip W.; Staley, Janet; Podorefsky, Donna; Shera, David

doi:10.1097/00004583-199603000-00008

Cited by 103 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Family psychiatric history and parental depression, primarily maternal depression (Birmaher et al, 1996;Burge & Hammen, 1991;Downey & Coyne, 1990), have been associated with a child's risk for developing depression (Beardslee et al, 1996;Weissman & Jensen, 2002). Effects can span three generations, from grandparent to parent to child (Warner, Weissman, Mufson, & Wickramaratne, 1999).…”

Section: Parent and Family Risk Factors For Youth Depression Parent Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Sander

McCarty

2005

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

181

127

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Research on parent risk factors, family environment, and familial involvement in the treatment of depression in children and adolescents is integrated, providing an update to prior reviews on the topic. First, the psychosocial parent and family factors associated with youth depression are examined. The literature indicates that a broad array of parent and family factors is associated with youth risk for depression, ranging from parental pathology to parental cognitive style to family emotional climate. Next, treatment approaches for youth depression that have been empirically tested are described and then summarized in terms of their level of parent inclusion, including cognitivebehavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and family systems approaches. Families have mostly not been incorporated into clinical treatment research with depressed adolescents, with only 32% of treatments including parents in treatment in any capacity. Nonetheless, the overall effectiveness of treatments that involve children and adolescents exclusively is very similar to that of treatments that include parents as agents or facilitators of change. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings and directions for further research. Keywordsdepression; adolescence; childhood; treatment; parent factors; family risk factors Developmentally, youth are known to have close ties to their families of origin (Diamond, Siqueland, & Diamond, 2003;Steinberg, 2005). As a result, there is a general belief in the field of psychology that it is important to include parents and families in the treatment of depressed youth (Clark, Beck, & Alford, 1999;Curry, 2001) however, empirical guidelines for how to do so are lacking. Consensus about the need for, and how to measure the effects of, parental involvement in treatment is elusive (Goodman & Gotlib, 1999). Still, achieving a better understanding of the multidimensional nature of risks for depression and how parent involvement in treatment relates to those risks are the priorities for the area of youth depression.Recently, a national group of experts was called to summarize and prioritize the state of research on risk and treatment for youth depression. Specifically, the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) invited a workgroup of leaders in the field of depression to clarify the state of information about the risks for and treatment of depression, and to make recommendations on where the field needs to focus research endeavors (Costello et al., 2002). Regarding risks for depression, the workgroup recommended further research into both family environment and genetics. As summarized by Costello and the NIMH workgroup, multiple pathways to depression are evident. The workgroup emphasized the multidimensional NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript nature of depression, along with the paucity of research into the early pathways and interactions that cause depression. Although research has not identified all of the parent or family ...

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Section: Parent and Family Risk Factors For Youth Depression Parent Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Sander

McCarty

2005

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

181

127

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“…Two decades of research have unequivocally indicated that children who have a parent with mental illness are at significantly greater risk for multiple psychosocial problems (Beardslee et al, 1996a;Canino, Bird, Rubio-Stipec, Bravo & Algeria, 1990;Oyserman, Mowbray, Meares & Firminger, 2000). Studies have noted rates of child psychiatric diagnosis among offspring ranging from approximately 30% to 50% (Canino et al; Oyserman et al), as compared to an estimated rate of 20% among the general child population (Friedman, Katz-Leavy, Manderscheid, & Sondheimer, 1996).…”

Section: Research On Outcomes For Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Issues for Parents with Mental Illness and their Families

Nicholson¹,

Biebel²,

Hinden³

et al. 2001

PsycEXTRA Dataset

100

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“…2,41 Findings are also consistent with previous research on child depression that suggests that the more risk factors a child experiences early in life, the more likely the child will exhibit elevated symptoms. 27 Theoretically, significant uncontrollable events, such as death of a parent or living in a chaotic family environment, may increase the risk of later internalizing symptoms through both biological and cognitive mechanisms. Biologically, early stressful life events may cause a deregulation of the central nervous system leading to overreactivity of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems that result in increased arousal and vulnerability to stressors, such as academic failure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was hypothesized that a greater number of risk factors in each domain would be positively associated with concurrent and prospective levels of anxiety. As the accumulation of risk factors has been shown to be additive, such that an increase in the number of stressful life events or other risk factors is associated with an increase in risk for psychopathology, 27,28 we also examined the relation between the total number of risk factors and anxiety. In addition, we assessed whether specific domains of risk factors were more predictive of later anxiety symptoms at both time points.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Predictors of Anxiety Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study

Grover

Ginsburg

Ialongo

2005

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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The present study examined the concurrent and prospective relation between a select number of potential predictors and symptoms of anxiety among a high-risk community sample of 149 predominately African American children. Parent and child reports of anxiety were assessed in the first and seventh grade. Six domains of childhood risk factors (i.e., Loss-Death, Loss-Separation, Social Adversity, Negative Family Environment, Academic Difficulties, and Peer Rejection) were assessed using multiple informants in the first grade. Results indicated that children who experienced a more negative family environment, had a greater number of losses and deaths, and experienced academic failures in the first grade exhibited higher levels of anxiety (concurrently and/or at the six year follow-up). Findings provide empirical support to etiological models that posit both parental/familial and environmental factors contribute to the development of heightened anxiety in children. Keywords risk factors; child anxiety; African AmericanAnxiety disorders are among the most common childhood psychiatric disorders, with prevalence rates ranging between 3% and 15%. 1 Children with anxiety disorders experience significant impairment in their academic, familial, and social functioning. For instance, many anxious children have difficulty attending and performing in school, struggle with making and maintaining friendships, have high levels of family conflict, and experience significant personal distress (e.g., see . In light of the high prevalence of anxiety disorders and the short-and long-term impairment they confer, attempts to identify early risk factors or predictors of anxiety are needed. Identifying predictors of psychopathology is critical for informing etiological models, facilitating early identification, and developing preventive interventions. 5 The focus of the present study was to address this issue by examining a broad range of theorized predictors of anxiety over a seven-year period, capitalizing on an existing community-based longitudinal data set from the Baltimore Prevention Research Center at Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.Developmental models of anxiety disorders in children served as a guide for identifying potential predictors. These models generally stress the reciprocal relation between a number of child (e.g., behavioral inhibition and avoidance, distorted thinking), parental/familial (e.g., psychopathology, family environment, parenting behaviors), and environmental NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptChild Psychiatry Hum Dev. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 June 13. factors (e.g., poverty, traumatic experiences). [6][7][8][9] Utilizing primarily concurrent designs, studies attempting to empirically validate theorized risk factors have identified several familial and environmental correlates of anxiety (e.g., see Refs. 10 and 11). Although concurrent studies have been informative, longitudinal studies provide information concerning trajectories of development, suggest direc...

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Prediction of Adolescent Affective Disorder: Effects of Prior Parental Affective Disorders and Child Psychopathology

Cited by 103 publications

References 41 publications

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment

Critical Issues for Parents with Mental Illness and their Families

Childhood Predictors of Anxiety Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study

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