Prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular death in men using a prognostic score

Validation of a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Score in Heart Failure

“…For example, a peak VO 2 achieved ≤14 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 has been widely applied to define patients with HF at high risk for adverse events. 4,7 More recently, there has been a growing awareness of the additional benefit of applying more complex statistical techniques and multivariate scores to predict risk in patients with cardiovascular disease, [8][9][10] and HF specifically. 6,11 The advantage of these approaches is that they permit the quantification of risk across the spectrum of abnormal responses 10 and have been demonstrated to predict risk more accurately.…”

“…6,11 The advantage of these approaches is that they permit the quantification of risk across the spectrum of abnormal responses 10 and have been demonstrated to predict risk more accurately. 6,[10][11][12] These approaches have long been recommended for the standard exercise test to assist with the diagnosis of coronary artery disease 8,9,13,14 and have recently been applied to CPX for estimating prognosis in patients with HF. 6,11 We recently developed a CPX score using a summation of readily available responses that improved the prognostic utility of the test.…”

Angiographic Correlates of the Treadmill Scores in Non-High-Risk Patients with Unstable Angina

“…4 Veterans Affairs Prognostic Score [6]: The values of the Veterans Affairs Prognostic Score correspond to a low-risk group (<–2 points) and a moderate- to high-risk group (≥–2 points). The treadmill test was defined as high risk if it yielded a value ≥–2 points.…”

“…However, there has been no clear consensus [4] as to the optimum definition of a high-risk exercise ECG test. Several treadmill scores [2, 5, 6] have been developed in recent years to assist in clinical decision making, although they are probably underutilized in common practice worldwide.…”

“…The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the best-known treadmill scores (Duke Treadmill Score [5], Veterans Affairs Prognostic Score [6], West Virginia Prognostic Score [2] and the ST/Heart Rate Index [7, 8]) and other less validated high-risk exercise test indexes [American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) High-Risk Criteria for exercise testing [9]] with the classical parameter that usually defines an exercise test as positive, namely horizontal or downsloping ST segment depression ≥1 mm, in the detection of significant and severe coronary artery disease in coronary angiography.…”