Prediction of Body Fat in Older Adults by Time Spent in Sedentary Behavior

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), and body fat (total, abdominal) or body size (body-mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC]) in community-dwelling adults 50 yr old and over. This study included 232 ambulatory adults (50–87 yr, 37.4% ± 9.6% body fat [BF]). Average daily time spent in SB (<100 counts/min) and light (100–759 counts/min), lifestyle-moderate (760–1,951 counts/min), walking-moderate (1,952–5,724cts/min), and vigorous-intensity (≥5,725 counts/min) PA were determined by accelerometer and corrected for wear time. BF was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SB was positively related to measures of BF. Measures of SB, PA, and gender accounted for 55.6% of the variance in total BF, 32.4% of the variance in abdominal fat, and 28.0% of the variance in WC. SB, PA, and age accounted for 27.1% of the variance in BMI. Time spent in SB should be considered when designing obesity interventions for adults 50 yr old and over.

Accelerometry analysis of physical activity and sedentary behavior in older adults: a systematic review and data analysis

“…Excluded 12  am –6  am as overnight non-wear time.4 days ≥10 h/dayModerate activity, ≥2,020; moderate lifestyle activity. 760–2,019<100Hekler et al [37], USA (SNQLS)7164 and 71256 N  = 87075.3 (6.8) years; men/women = 377/493; MVPA not reported7 days (×2 phases), 1-min epochRemoved ≥45 consecutive minutes of zero counts5 valid days (30 consecutive “zero” and ten valid hours per day rule) OR ≥66 valid hours across 7 days>1952≤100Koster et al [44], USA (NHANES 2003–2004)7164 N  = 1,906, 63.8 (10.5) years; men/women = 46.0 %/54.0 %, MVPA 14.2 (17.4) min/day7 daysRemoved ≥60 consecutive minutes of zero counts (allowance for up to two minutes of counts between 1 and 100)1 day ≥10 h/day≥2,020<100Santos et al [75], PortugalGT1M N  = 296, 74.42 (6.72) years, men/women = 112/184, MVPA 25.5 (25.8) min/day4 days, 15-s epochRemoved ≥60 consecutive minutes of zero counts3 days (including 1 weekend day) ≥10 h/day≥2,020<100Stamatakis et al [78]UK(Health Survey for England)GT1M N  = 649, ≥60 years, men/women = 292/357, MVPA not reported7 days, 1-min epochRemoved ≥60 consecutive minutes of zero counts (allowance for up to two consecutive minutes of 1–100)1 day ≥10 h/day≥2,020<100Strath et al [80], USA7164 N  = 148, 64.3 (8.4) years; men/women = 20.4 %/79.7 %, MVPA not reported7 days, 1-min epochRemoved ≥60 consecutive minutes of zero counts4 days ≥10 h/day≥760<50Swartz et al [82], USA7164 N  = 232, 64.3 (6.9) years; men/women = 56/176, MVPA 22.9 (22.0) min/day7 daysRemoved ≥60 consecutive minutes where count was zero; removed values >20,0004 days (including 1 weekend day) ≥10 h/day≥1,952<100Theou et al [84], GreeceGT1M N  = 50, range, 63–90 years; men/women = 0/50, MVPA not reported1 day, 1-min epoch≥10 h/day≤50Winkler et al [95], Australia (AusDiab 2004–2005, NHANES 2003–2004)7164 (not available) N  = 44, men and women ≥60 years, MVPA not reported7 days, 1-min epochCompared various data cleaning protocols≥1,952<100 ABC Attitude Behaviour Change, NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, OPAL Older People and Active Living, SNQLS Senior Neighbourhood...…”

Associations of breaks in sedentary time with abdominal obesity in Portuguese older adults

“…Disparities in associations for older adults have also been reported, with studies reporting an association of sedentary time with the presence of abdominal obesity in older women, but not in older men (Healy et al 2011b;Scheers et al 2012a). Understanding the pattern in which sedentary time is accumulated has been identified as a research priority and may explain these disparities in older adults (Lord et al 2011;Swartz et al 2012).…”

“…The associations of sedentary time with obesity have been reported for older adults independent of MVPA (Gennuso et al 2013;Inoue et al 2012;Swartz et al 2012). Nevertheless, there are inconsistent findings concerning the role of sedentary time in abdominal obesity, with some studies in adults reporting no relation between overall sedentary time and abdominal fatness (McGuire and Ross 2012;Saunders et al 2013).…”

Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Markers of Health in Older Adults

“…For instance, increased risk of overweight/obesity, as measured by BMI, was associated with a self-reported TV viewing time of >840 minutes/week in 1,806 Japanese older adults (15). Also, significant associations have been found for objectively measured SB time with lower limb (6), central (25) and total body adiposity (6, 25) measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Data from a sample of 649 older adults who wore accelerometers in the Health Survey for England demonstrated direct associations for self-reported SB and TV time with a ratio of total to HDL cholesterol, and for objectively measured SB with waist circumference (24).…”