Prediction of correlates of daily physical activity in Spanish children aged 8–9 years

Abstract

The aims of the study were (a) to examine the associations between the daily physical activity (PA) of 8- to 9-year-old children and their parents, and (b) to examine what effect the child's daily PA has on its cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), body mass index (BMI), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The sample consisted of 1021 persons [351 children (8.73 ± 0.69 years in age) and 670 parents]. Pedometers were used to evaluate PA in parents and their children over the course of 4 days (Thursday-Sunday), with the instructions on how to wear the pedometers for 24 h a day. Also evaluated were height, weight, BMI, CRF (via the maximal multistage 20-m shuttle run test), and HRQoL (via the EQ-5D-Y questionnaire). Associations between these variables were studied using path model techniques. The father's PA predicts his child's daily PA. This in turn predicts the child's lower BMI, CRF, and perceived quality of life. The findings suggest that the role model of a physically active father positively influences the child's PA habits, and hence that the family environment can have an important part to play in promoting health.

Multifactorial Identification of physical activity predictors in schoolchildren according to a socio-ecological model using multifactorial analysis

“…A partir de esta cuestión nos cabe destacar el efecto mediador del IMC entre variables predictoras, como ha sido el caso en estudios de los padres, edad y tiempo de pantalla, y la variable dependiente de actividad física. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los niños activos, a diferencia de las niñas, presentan valores más bajos de IMC, aunque encontramos estudios que no hallan relación alguna entre IMC y actividad física (De Cocker et al, 2011;Saavedra, Escalante, Dominguez, Garcia-Hermoso, & Hernandez-Mocholi, 2013;Van Der Horst, Paw, Twisk, & Van Mechelen, 2007), o bien que los adolescentes con infrapeso tienden a ser más inactivos (Levin, Lowry, Brown, & Dietz, 2003).…”

“…Aquellos progenitores con un estilo de vida activo se asocian con hijos/as más activos, como lo corroboran reciente estudios (Huang et al, 2013;Salazar, Feu, Vizuete, & de la Cruz-Sánchex, 2013;Wiley et al, 2011), aunque encontramos otros en los cuales la predicción viene determinada por el padre (Saavedra et al, 2013), o bien por la madre (Pahkala et al, 2007). Por otro lado, el nivel socioeconómico y su relación con la actividad física han sido ampliamente estudiados en adultos, pero mucho menos en niños y niñas.…”

Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth

“…None Aerobic fitness: VERY LOW i 1 study reported no effect of PA intervention on aerobic fitness (Rowland et al 1996); 1 study reported a favourable effect of PA intervention for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011); and 1 study reported no differential effect of PA intervention on aerobic fitness between INT and CTRL, however, the intervention group decreased from baseline to post-test (Shore et al 2014) Muscular strength and endurance: 1 study reported a favourable effect of PA intervention on upper-body strength for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011); and 1 study reported no differential effect of PA intervention on muscular fitness; however, the control group improved upper body strength from baseline to post-test (Shore et al 2014) Flexibility: 1 study reported a favourable differential effect of PA intervention for INT compared with CTRL (Dimitriou et al 2011) 1 study reported no differential effect of a PA intervention on flexibility, and an increase from baseline to post-test for the intervention group (Shore et al 2014 Butte et al 2007b;Hands et al 2009;Schofield et al 2009;Ruiz et al 2011;Machado-Rodrigues et al 2012;Martinez-Gomez et al 2012;Hjorth et al 2013;Lambourne et al 2013;Hansen et al 2014;Larouche et al 2014;Saavedra et al 2014) or mixed (favourable and null; 4/18 studies; Rizzo et al 2007;Dencker et al 2010;Kristensen et al 2010;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c) o VPA: associations were favourable (11/12 studies; Gutin et al 2005a;Ruiz et al 2006;Butte et al 2007b;Rizzo et al 2007;Lohman et al 2008;Martinez-Gomez et al 2010aKristensen et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Hay et al 2012;…”

“…Poitras et al n Includes 28 cross-sectional studies (Eiberg et al 2005;Gutin et al 2005a;Andersen et al 2006;Ruiz et al 2006Ruiz et al , 2011Butte et al 2007b;Rizzo et al 2007;Lohman et al 2008;Ortega et al 2008;Hands et al 2009;Schofield et al 2009;Dencker et al 2010;Kristensen et al 2010;Martinez-Gomez et al 2010a;Moliner-Urdiales et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Hay et al 2012;Machado-Rodrigues et al 2012;Hjorth et al 2013;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c;Lambourne et al 2013;Silva et al 2013;Larouche et al 2014;Hansen et al 2014;Santos et al 2014;Saavedra et al 2014;Aggio et al 2015) from 17 unique samples. Five studies reported data from the EYHS (Andersen et al 2006, Ruiz et al 2006Ortega et al 2008;Rizzo et al 2008;Kristensen et al 2010); 6 studies reported data from HELENA (Martinez-Gomez et al 2010a;Moliner-Urdiales et al 2010;Ottevaere et al 2011;Ruiz et al 2011;Martinez-Gomez et al 2012;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c); 2 studies reported data from the CoSCIS study (Eiberg et al 2005;Dencker et al 2010).…”

A cross-sectional study of the relationship between parents’ and children’s physical activity

“…Several studies have examined the relationship between parents’ and their children’s objectively measured steps/day [10–14], accelerometer-measured counts [9, 15–17], light PA [18], and/or MVPA [9, 17, 19]. Most studies have reported a significant relationship with at least one parent, however many have also observed differences by parent or child gender.…”