Prediction of moisture, calorific value, ash and carbon content of two dedicated bioenergy crops using near-infrared spectroscopy

Fagan, Colette C.; Everard, Colm; McDonnell, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.087

Cited by 95 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Woody biomass typically has a mean gross calorific value in the range of circa 17 MJ kg -1 to circa 20 MJ kg -1 (Friedl et al 2005;Núñez-Regueira et al 2001;Erol et al 2010;Everard et al 2012), and it depends on multiple factors, such as tree species. Fagan et al (2011) found that short rotation willows have GCV about 17.02 MJ kg -1 , part of tree that was chipped; Núñez-Regueira et al (2001) found that eucalyptus leaves have GCV of about 21 MJ kg -1 , thin branches of eucalyptus have GCV of 18.5 MJ kg -1 , and thick branches have 18.3 MJ kg -1 . Friedl et al (2005) analyzed the GCV of wood chips from mixed woody material and found they had GCV of 19.6 MJ kg -1 , which is similar to the present findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Erol et al (2010) proposed 13 equations, based on parameters of the wood chips measured by proximate analyses. Everard et al (2012) and Fagan et al (2011) used either visible or near infrared spectroscopy to estimate the gross calorific value. Friedl et al (2005) and Kumar and Pratt (1996) estimated the gross calorific value of the wood chips based on the elemental composition of the fuel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ash Content vs. the Economics of Using Wood Chips for Energy: Model Based on Data from Central Europe

et al. 2017

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Biomass utilization is vital for developing sustainability in the bioenergy sector. In this work the effects of high ash content on the heating properties of wood chips were evaluated. In an analysis of 450 wood chips samples, the ash content, moisture content, and gross calorific value were determined, and a generalized linear model was created to identify the relationship between the gross calorific value and the ash content of the wood chips. The mean ash content of the analyzed wood chips samples was 2.64%, the mean moisture content was 38.8%, and the mean gross calorific value was 19.43 MJ kg -1. Statistical analyses showed that 49% of the gross calorific value variability was due to the ash content variability. A one percent increase in ash content resulted in a 0.11 MJ kg -1 decrease of gross calorific value. The estimated costs of ash disposal at various ash contents were calculated. Burning wood chips with 5% ash content would lead to depositing an extra 5.6 megatons in the US or 21.2 megatons in the EU, compared to burning wood chips with 2.5% ash content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash Content vs. the Economics of Using Wood Chips for Energy: Model Based on Data from Central Europe

et al. 2017

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“…Nkansah et al [6] used the NIRS as a process analysis technology tool for the rapid characterization of physical (bulk density) and chemical 2 ISRN Spectroscopy properties (insoluble and acid-soluble lignin, extractives, ash) of yellow-poplar. Fagan et al [7] predicted the moisture, calorific value, ash, and carbon content of two dedicated bioenergy crops (Miscanthus and Short Rotational Coppice Willow). All reports above focused on the measurement of biomass feedstock properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Biochar Properties Affected by Different Pyrolysis Temperatures Using Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Yang

Sheng

2012

ISRN Spectroscopy

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Rapid characterization of biochar for energy and ecological purpose utilization is fundamental. In this work, visible and nearinfrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy was used to measure ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon contents, and calorific value of three types of biochar produced from pine wood, cedar wood, and cotton stalk, respectively. The vis-NIR spectroscopy was also used to discriminate biochar feedstock types and pyrolysis temperature. Prediction result shows that partial least squares (PLS) regression calibrating the spectra to the values of biochar properties achieved very good or excellent performance with coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.86∼0.91 and residual prediction deviation (RPD) of 2.58∼3.32 for ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon, and good prediction with R 2 of 0.81 and RPD of 2.30 for calorific value. Linear discrimination analysis (LDA) of the principal components (PCs) produced from PCA of wavelength matrix shows that three types of biochar can be successfully discriminated with 95.2% accuracy. The classification of biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures can be conducted with 69% accuracy for all three types and 100% accuracy for single type of cotton stalk. This experiment suggests that the vis-NIR spectroscopy is promising as an alternative of traditionally quantitative and qualitative analysis of biochar properties.

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“…The best quality compacts can be produced by the control of the production procedures and biomass physical and chemical characteristics. Biomass grinds fluctuate in their response to the compression forces during pelleting as biomass differ broadly in its chemical composition [8,9]. The different components include moisture content , fixed carbon contentand ash content; varianceis a result of factors including varying harvest times and techniques, climate conditions, plant genetics and soil composition [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Fuel Pellets from Corn Cob and Wheat Dust with Binder

El‐Sayed

Khairy

2017

IJEE

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A B S T R A C TThis study concentrates on pelletization of powdered corn cob and wheat dust with 40% Epoxy binder. Two cylindrical pellets of different sizes and a new hexagonal one were investigated in this work. By densification process, the bulk density increased 8-10 times, having its maximum value fora hexagonal shape (new shape). It was found that the compressive resistance, the water resistance and the impact resistance of the pellets were in general higher for pellets produced at higher pressure. It was found that due to the binder and pelletization, the fuel quality was enhanced compared to the raw biomass as: the moisture content decreased, both fixed carbon and carbon contents increased, ash content reduced, oxygen content decreased and higher heating value (H.H.V) increased. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the binding mechanism of biomass dust particles in pellets. Pelletization process had improved combustion characteristics compared to raw biomass as: high combustion temperature ranges [T_onset becomes lower and T_offset becomes higher], maximum weight loss rates decreased and reduced residues which leads to a higher combustion efficiency. The analysis of ash yields of combustion process was investigated. It was found that the fouling index (FI) and slagging index (SI) tendency of wheat dust pellets are higher than that of corn cob pellets.

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Prediction of moisture, calorific value, ash and carbon content of two dedicated bioenergy crops using near-infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 95 publications

References 29 publications

Ash Content vs. the Economics of Using Wood Chips for Energy: Model Based on Data from Central Europe

Ash Content vs. the Economics of Using Wood Chips for Energy: Model Based on Data from Central Europe

Characterization of Biochar Properties Affected by Different Pyrolysis Temperatures Using Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Preparation and Characterization of Fuel Pellets from Corn Cob and Wheat Dust with Binder

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