Prediction of Posthepatectomy Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Circulating Cancer Stem Cells

Abstract

Circulating CSCs predicted posthepatectomy HCC recurrence with high accuracy. They may be the target of eradication in the prevention of posthepatectomy HCC metastasis and recurrence.

Risk Factors for Early and Late Intrahepatic Recurrence in Patients with Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Macrovascular Invasion after Curative Resection

“…Unfortunately, the postoperative recurrence is common and is the main cause of death in HCC patients. In the present study, 141 patients (50.4%) developed recurrence during the follow-up, this is consistent with other previous studies (Fan et al, 2011;Jung et al, 2012). Previous studies found most of the recurrences occur within the liver with reported incidences ranging from 71% to 93% among the whole recurrent cases (Jwo et al, 1992;Yamamoto et al, 1996;Lau et al, 1998).…”

Surface markers of liver cancer stem cells and innovative targeted-therapy strategies for HCC (Review)

“…The half-life of mature tumor cells in the circulation is very short and most of them die from natural apoptosis, with a relatively small effect on tumor invasion and metastasis. A previous study revealed that the viability, distant metastasis, and homing ability of LCSCs in the circulatory system were significantly higher than that of other tumor cells (43). This may be explained by the EMT status of LCSCs, which enables them to serve a leading role in the metastasis and invasion of HCC and to become the source of HCC recurrence (43).…”

Hierarchical potential differentiation of liver cancer stem cells

“…16,[24][25] Moreover, CD45-positive subpopulations often express other stem cell markers such as CD133 and CD90. 21,26 Yang and co-workers suggest that CD44-positive liver CSC subpopulations are more aggressive than CD44-negative subpopulations. 21 Furthermore, Zhu's group reported that CD44-positive CD133-positive liver CSCs not only excessively express stem cell-related genes, but are more resistant to chemotherapy than CD44-negative CD133-positive cells.…”

“…21,26 Yang and co-workers suggest that CD44-positive liver CSC subpopulations are more aggressive than CD44-negative subpopulations. 21 Furthermore, Zhu's group reported that CD44-positive CD133-positive liver CSCs not only excessively express stem cell-related genes, but are more resistant to chemotherapy than CD44-negative CD133-positive cells. 26 High expression of CD13, which is regarded to be a marker for liver cancer that is dormant or half dormant, occurs during the G1/G0 phase.…”

“…20 Yang's group identified CD90-positive CD44-positive and CD45-negative markers for CSCs from liver lesions and the peripheral circulation, but they report that these stem cells have increased tumorigenicity and invasiveness compared to CD133-positive subpopulations. [21][22][23] CD44 is a cell surface adhesion molecule that binds to extracellular ligand to regulate hepatic cancer proliferation, differentiation, metastasis and survival. 16,[24][25] Moreover, CD45-positive subpopulations often express other stem cell markers such as CD133 and CD90.…”