Prediction of quasi‐static elastic modulus for polyethylene‐terephthalate‐glycol prepared from fused deposition modeling

Abstract

This article is concerned about change of elastic modulus as a function of raster angle used in the fused deposition modeling and applicability of laminate theory to prediction of the elastic modulus. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) was used for the experimental testing. In view that PETG shows viscous deformation which was not considered in the laminate theory, quasistatic (QS) component of the elastic modulus was used to examine the applicability of laminate theory, which was achieved by extraction of the QS stress response to deformation through stress relaxation and then finite element modeling of the slope for the load-displacement curve before the relaxation. Two analytical approaches were used to examine the laminate theory. One was known as the mechanics of materials approach that considers matrix properties from the intralayer regions, and the other the elasticity model approach that also considers the interlayer regions. The study found that both approaches provided reasonable estimation of the QS elastic modulus but their values were slightly over the measured values. We provide evidence to suggest that the prediction accuracy could be improved by considering the change of interlayer filament contact with the change of raster angle.

Optimising 3D printing parameters through experimental techniques and ANOVA‐Based statistical analysis

“…5,18 Contrastingly, FDM exhibits certain drawbacks, including lower accuracy when compared to alternative 3D printing technologies. 19 This decreased precision is constrained by factors such as the nozzle size and the specific filament in use. The layered approach of FDM contributes to a noticeable layering effect on the final products, impacting the smoothness of their surfaces.…”

“…The additive nature of 3D printing also contributes to reduced material waste, as it only deposits material where needed, minimizing excess and optimising material usage 5,18 . Contrastingly, FDM exhibits certain drawbacks, including lower accuracy when compared to alternative 3D printing technologies 19 . This decreased precision is constrained by factors such as the nozzle size and the specific filament in use.…”

Monitoring and verification of micro‐strain generated inside the laminate subjected to thermal loading through fiber bragg grating sensors and classical laminate theory

“…[31] In another study, CLT successfully predicts the quasi-static elastic modulus of fused deposition modeling 3-D printed Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) polymer. [32] Moreover, CLT is used to predict the developed stress with respect to applied strain for fused deposition method-based 3-D printed polylactic acid (PLA) samples. [33] FBG sensors are embedded in carbon fiberreinforced aerospace-grade prepregs, which are stacked; and then cured in an autoclave.…”