Prediction of source rock characteristics based on terpane biomarkers in crude oils: A multivariate statistical approach

Zumberge, John E.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(87)90343-7

Cited by 219 publications

(107 citation statements)

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“…Mixed group oils are take place between areas of group I and group II oils (Fig.1). correpond the oil sample numbers in Fig.1 The PCA is a chemometric or multivariate statistical technique used to extract maximum amount of information from the data matrix and grouping of the samples on the PCs score plots (Zumberge, 1987). PCA is also useful method examining correlations among variables in the original data matrix on a newly selected axes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, "petroleum system" model studies of the basins were proved to serve the petroleum geologists and geophysicists to make help new oil discoveries. On the other hand, a reliable genetic grouping and correlation of the discovered oils is one of the prerequisites of petroleum system studies (Zumberge, 1987). Hence, the aim of this study is to develop a genetic correlations model of the SETurkey crude oils and to recognize their number of source rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Biomarkers in Se-Turkey Crude Oils

Gürgey¹,

Canbolat²

2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Twenty-four crude oil samples were collected from the 24 oil fields distributed in different districts of SE-Turkey. API and Sulphur content (%), Stable Carbon Isotope, Gas Chromatography (GC), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) data were used to construct a geochemical data matrix. The aim of this study is to examine the genetic grouping or correlations in the crude oil samples, hence the number of source rocks present in the SE-Turkey. To achieve these aims, two of the multivariate statistical analysis techniques (Principle Component Analysis [PCA] and Cluster Analysis were applied to data matrix of 24 samples and 8 source specific biomarker variables/parameters. The results showed that there are 3 genetically different oil groups: Batman-Nusaybin Oils, Adıyaman-Kozluk Oils and Diyarbakir Oils, in addition to a one mixed group. These groupings imply that at least, three different source rocks are present in South-Eastern (SE) Turkey. Grouping of the crude oil samples appears to be consistent with the geographic locations of the oils fields, subsurface stratigraphy as well as geology of the area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Biomarkers in Se-Turkey Crude Oils

Gürgey¹,

Canbolat²

2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…They are also characterized by the presence of C 30 steranes (C 30 4-methyl steranes) known to be abundant in freshwater lacustrine systems [8]. Further evidence for a lacustrine depositional environment is shown by low abundance of C 31 (22R) homohopanes relative to the C 30 hopane and the high values of the C 26 /C 25 tricyclic terpane ratio (Table 2; [8,21]). The cross plot (Fig.…”

Section: Triterpane and Sterane Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Organic Geochemistry of Crude Oils from the Albertine Graben, Uganda: Possible Implications on the Expulsion of the Oils from the Source Rocks

Lukaye¹,

Etano²,

Abbott³

2017

JEASE

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Twelve representative crude oil samples recovered from six oil fields in the Albertine Graben, Uganda were chosen for this study. The study aimed to understand the genetic relationships between the oils, the inferred depositional environment of the source rocks, maturity of the crude oils, and to gain some insight on the expulsion of the oils from source rocks. The work involved geochemical bulk analysis (asphaltene and liquid chromatographic separations), GC-FID (gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector), and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) of saturate and aromatic fractions. Bulk analysis shows that the oils are dominated by saturate hydrocarbon fractions (48.7%-62.0%) and are highly waxy (35-56.2 wt%) with low sulfur content (≤ 0.1 wt%). The high saturate hydrocarbon and high wax contents are probably due to organic matter input from land plants and/or long-chain alkanes from fresh water algae in lacustrine systems. The low sulfur contents alongside the high wax abundances are consistent with clastic-dominated source rock facies deposited in a non-stratified lacustrine environment. Data from GC-FID and GC-MS analyses such as n-alkane distributions, pristane/phytane ratios, biomarker terpane and sterane, dibenzothiophene and phenanthrene parameters show that the oils belong to a single family and were derived from a clastic predominantly algal source rock deposited under suboxic conditions in a non-stratified freshwater to brackish water lacustrine environment. The data further show that the oils have a very narrow range of maturities and are generated in the peak oil window. The observed narrow range of maturities and inferred lacustrine depositional setting for the source rocks suggest that the kerogen responsible for the generation of the oils is likely to be predominantly type-1 known to display narrow activation energies. This in turn implies that the expulsion of the oil from the source rock occurred as a quick single event hence, the filling of reservoirs in the Albertine Graben probably did not involve late stage expulsion and multiple charges of oil.

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“…The "Oils" data comprise the contents of S, Ni, and V; the carbon isotopic compositions of bulk saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons; and quantitative analysis of approximately 100 individual hydrocarbons, including n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. Abundances of the latter biomarkers, which have been determined using a rigorously reproducible analytical protocol, allow calculation of 23 diagnostic molecular ratios that can be used to predict paleoenvironmental features of an oil's source rock without direct knowledge of the rock itself (Zumberge 1987) or to evaluate hydrocarbon charge histories from field to basin scales (e.g., Zumberge et al 2005). Averaging of data from numerous oil samples within a well, field, or an entire basin helps to overcome anomalies in individual hydrocarbon samples that reflect differences in maturity and losses from evaporation, water Volkman et al 1980Marlowe et al 1984 qn most cases, the connection between the fossil hydrocarbon and organismic source is supported by detection of diagenetic intermediates in sediments.…”

Section: B Molecular Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular biogeochemistry of modern and ancient marine microbes

Waldbauer¹

2010

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Biological activity has shaped the surface of the earth in numerous ways, but life's most pervasive and persistent global impact has been the secular oxidation of the surface environment. Through primary production -the biochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to synthesize biomass -large amounts of oxidants such as molecular oxygen, sulfate and ferric iron have accumulated in the ocean, atmosphere and crust, fundamentally altering the chemical environment of the earth's surface. This thesis addresses aspects of the role of marine microorganisms in driving this process. In the first section of the thesis, biomarkers (hydrocarbon molecular fossils) are used to investigate the early history of microbial diversity and biogeochemistry. Molecular fossils from the Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa, document the presence in the oceans of a diverse microbiota, including eukaryotes, as well as oxygenic photosynthesis and aerobic biochemistry, by ca. 2.7Ga. Experimental study of the oxygen requirements of steroid biosynthesis suggests that sterane biomarkers in late Archean rocks are consistent with the persistence of microaerobic surface ocean environments long before the initial oxygenation of the atmosphere. In the second part, using Prochlorococcus (a marine cyanobacterium that is the most abundant primary producer on earth today) as a model system, we explored how microbes use the limited nutrient resources available in the marine environment to make the protein catalysts that enable primary production. Quantification of the Prochlorococcus proteome over the diel cell-division cycle reveals that protein abundances are distinct from transcript-level dynamics, and that small temporal shifts in enzyme levels can redirect metabolic fluxes. This thesis illustrates how molecular techniques can contribute to a systems-level understanding of biogeochemical processes, which will aid in reconstructing the past of, and predicting future change in, earth surface environments. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI have incurred many debts of gratitude and appreciation over the course of this work. None are greater than those to my advisors, Penny Chisholm and Roger Summons, who allowed and enabled me to pursue such a wide range of scientific interests and offered their help and advice every step of the way. I have been very lucky to have had the chance to learn so much during my Ph.D., and none of that would have been possible without their guidance and support.I have also had the great fortune to know and work with all the members of the Chisholm and Summons labs, who have made this an enjoyable and rewarding place to be. I am especially grateful to Laura Sherman for her skill and dedication in analyzing biomarkers in the late Archean cores -it was truly getting blood from a stone. I was lucky to collaborate with Sébastien Rodrigue, whose expertise and collegiality made the diel experiment even more fruitful than I could have hoped. IntroductionThe coevolution of life and earth surface environments is central to the history and functionin...

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Prediction of source rock characteristics based on terpane biomarkers in crude oils: A multivariate statistical approach

Cited by 219 publications

References 14 publications

Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Biomarkers in Se-Turkey Crude Oils

Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Biomarkers in Se-Turkey Crude Oils

Molecular Organic Geochemistry of Crude Oils from the Albertine Graben, Uganda: Possible Implications on the Expulsion of the Oils from the Source Rocks

Molecular biogeochemistry of modern and ancient marine microbes

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