1981
DOI: 10.13031/2013.34326
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Predictions and Measurements of Heat Production and Food and Water Requirements of Holstein Calves in Different Environments

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Cited by 46 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…In addition, knowledge about latent heat loss mechanisms can be used to develop mathematical and physical models as those proposed by Stevens (1981), McLean (1963), Gebremedhin et al (1981), Turnpenny et al (2000) and McGovern & Bruce (2000) to explain thermal interaction between livestock and their environment.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, knowledge about latent heat loss mechanisms can be used to develop mathematical and physical models as those proposed by Stevens (1981), McLean (1963), Gebremedhin et al (1981), Turnpenny et al (2000) and McGovern & Bruce (2000) to explain thermal interaction between livestock and their environment.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conseqüentemente, a perda de calor é significativamente afetada na ocorrência de movimentação do ar (convecção forçada) dentro da camada de pêlos, situação que se torna o principal mecanismo de transferência de calor (Gebremedhin et al, 1983;Cena & Monteith, 1975a), além de diminuir a resistência à transferência de calor por convecção livre, a qual é induzida por um gradiente térmico causado por uma diferença de densidade do ar no interior da capa e, por último, favorece a difusão do vapor através da capa, evaporada na superfície da epiderme para a vizinhança (Cena & Monteith, 1975b).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Em elevados níveis de temperatura ambiente, a evaporação torna-se a principal via para a dissipação de energia térmica dos animais (Finch, 1985;Gebremedhin et al, 1981), a qual ocorre na superfície da epiderme, pela sudação (McLean, 1963b;Taneja, 1958Taneja, , 1959daSilva & Staling, 2003;Maia et al, no prelo), e no trato respiratório (Stevens, 1981;daSilva et al, 2002;Maia et al, 2005). Por outro lado, sob essas condições, a condução, a convecção e a radiação podem eventualmente tornar-se mecanismos de ganho de energia térmica, pois dependem diretamente da temperatura ambiente (McLean, 1963b;Gebremedhin et al, 2001;daSilva, 2000;Maia et al, no prelo).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
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“…However, in tropical regions, this difference is small and often negative because elimination of latent heat depends on the vapour pressure differential instead of the temperature differential. Therefore, thermal comfort of an animal in those regions depends largely on its ability to dissipate excess of body heat by evaporative cooling either from cutaneous and respiratory surfaces (McLean, 1963b;Gatenby, 1980;Gebremedhin et al, 1981;Gebremedhin & Wu, 2001, 2002Maia et al, 2005). Respiratory evaporation rate is rather smaller than the cutaneous one.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%