Predictions of Systemic, Intracellular, and Lung Concentrations of Azithromycin With Different Dosing Regimens Used in COVID‐19 Clinical Trials

Hughes, Jim H.; Sweeney, Kevin; Ahadieh, Sima; Ouellet, Danièle

doi:10.1002/psp4.12537

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Specifically, a study showed AZM induced reduction in rhinovirus replication 7-fold in primary bronchial epithelial cells without inducing cell death ( Schögler et al, 2015 ). The in vitro EC50 for AZM against SARS‐CoV‐2 was 2.12µM (EC90: 8.65µM) following a 72‐hour incubation post-infection (MOI of 0.002) ( Hughes et al, 2020 ). The addition of AZM with HCQ was efficient in virus elimination in COVID-19 patients ( Gautret et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Selected Antivirals Repurposing In Covid-19 Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Antiviral Therapy Against SARS-CoV-2: How Far Have We Come?

et al. 2021

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COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide at an exponential rate affecting millions of people instantaneously. Currently, various drugs are under investigation to treat an enormously increasing number of COVID-19 patients. This dreadful situation clearly demands an efficient strategy to quickly identify drugs for the successful treatment of COVID-19. Hence, drug repurposing is an effective approach for the rapid discovery of frontline arsenals to fight against COVID-19. Successful application of this approach has resulted in the repurposing of some clinically approved drugs as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 candidates. Several of these drugs are either antimalarials, antivirals, antibiotics or corticosteroids and they have been repurposed based on their potential to negate virus or reduce lung inflammation. Large numbers of clinical trials have been registered to evaluate the effectiveness and clinical safety of these drugs. Till date, a few clinical studies are complete and the results are primary. WHO also conducted an international, multi-country, open-label, randomized trials-a solidarity trial for four antiviral drugs. However, solidarity trials have few limitations like no placebos were used, additionally any drug may show effectiveness for a particular population in a region which may get neglected in solidarity trial analysis. The ongoing randomized clinical trials can provide reliable long-term follow-up results that will establish both clinical safety and clinical efficacy of these drugs with respect to different regions, populations and may aid up to worldwide COVID-19 treatment research. This review presents a comprehensive update on majorly repurposed drugs namely chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, lopinavir-ritonavir, favipiravir, ribavirin, azithromycin, umifenovir, oseltamivir as well as convalescent plasma therapy used against SARS-CoV-2. The review also summarizes the data recorded on the mechanism of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of these repurposed drugs along with the preclinical and clinical findings, therapeutic regimens, pharmacokinetics, and drug-drug interactions.

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Section: Selected Antivirals Repurposing In Covid-19 Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Antiviral Therapy Against SARS-CoV-2: How Far Have We Come?

et al. 2021

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“…All of them received standard of care (SoC) as and when necessary, including anti-pyretic drugs for reducing fever, antihistamines for alleviating cough and Azithromycin (500 mg/day). Azithromycin was selected for its antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties and its wide use in COVID-19 patients with profound safety and moderate efficacy [11][12][13]. Further, patients of the "Hospitalized Group" received oxygen and management at the intensive care unit (ICU) as per the decision of the attending physicians.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive design for prevention and management of COVID-19 in a tertiary medical institution in Bangladesh

Debnath

Khan

et al. 2022

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Containment of the further spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and reducing fatality due to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) represent a pressing challenge to global health services. Here, we present a management blueprint for both the containment of SARS-CoV-2 and treatment of COVID-19 through a comprehensive approach. Methodology: A cohort of 130 consecutive patients identified as positive for SARS-CoV-2 by testing of nasal swab by polymerase chain reaction were managed at a peripheral city of Bangladesh between 1 April and 31 May, 2020. Based on their clinical status, 64 of them were initially selected for isolation (Isolation Group) and 66 recommended for hospitalization (Hospital Group) as per the direction of the “Central COVID-19 Control” Center. Both groups of patients were allocated to receive standard of care management and oxygen inhalation, and intensive care unit management as and when necessary. Based on the conditions of the COVID-19 patients, there was an active system of patients being transferred from the “Isolation Group” to “Hospital Group” and vice versa. Results: Twelve patients of the “Isolation Group” were transferred to the hospital, as they exhibited symptoms of deterioration. Four patients of the “Hospital Group” died during the observation period of two months in the intensive care unit. However, there has been no fatality among the patients of the “Isolation Group”. Conclusions: The concept of “Isolation” and “Hospital Management” with the participation of the community seems to be an effective management strategy for COVID-19 in developing countries.

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“…Azithromycin (AZ)is a broad-spectrum antibiotic suggested recently to has a potential role in the management of COVID-19 with its antiinflammatory and antiviral activities. However, oral or parenteral use is associated with many adverse effects including cardiac toxicity [76][77][78].…”

Section: Inhaled Azithromycinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Delivery Systems to Optimize Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19: A Concise Review

Alrashedi

Ali

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Background: COVID-19 is an ongoing viral pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus. Several drugs were repurposed for its management; however, most of these drugs were not ideal treatments by traditional methods of administration, whether given by injection or orally. This is due to many reasons including pharmacokinetic limitations or drug-induced adverse effects. There is an urgent need to develop these drugs to target the virus in the lung tissue through inhalation. Objective: To address the gap in knowledge regarding efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery of repurposed antiviral against COVID-19. Findings: Ongoing trials for inhalable formulations of several drugs such as Niclosamide; Remdesivir, Hydroxychloroquine, and Azithromycin among others showed promising results. Conclusion: The development of pharmaceutical forms for inhaled administration of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs is an important direction that needs more attention to achieve the optimal management of respiratory infectious diseases.

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Predictions of Systemic, Intracellular, and Lung Concentrations of Azithromycin With Different Dosing Regimens Used in COVID‐19 Clinical Trials

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

An Update on Antiviral Therapy Against SARS-CoV-2: How Far Have We Come?

An Update on Antiviral Therapy Against SARS-CoV-2: How Far Have We Come?

A comprehensive design for prevention and management of COVID-19 in a tertiary medical institution in Bangladesh

Lung Delivery Systems to Optimize Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19: A Concise Review

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