Predictive biomarkers of inhibitors immune checkpoints therapy in malignant tumors

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICT) therapy is a successful immunotherapy (IT) strategy that is quite effective in a number of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, breast cancer and others. Nevertheless, there is a need in predictive markers for ICT therapy for personalized IT as far as there is a large group of patients, the proportion of which varies depending on the tumor, who do not have a clinical response to such therapy. The review summarizes the theoretical aspects and results of clinical trials dedicated to various clinical efficiency predictor using modern databases. As a result of the analysis it is established that the main candidates for the role of such markers are tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and their subpopulations, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and their subpopulations. PD1 (programmed death receptor 1) and PDL1 (programmed death receptor ligand 1) expression in tumor tissue can also be important for predicting IT efficiency. The most promising predictive biomarker meaning the most clinically relevant is a combination of the PBL subpopulations study and PD1 and PDL1 expression on the tumor cells.PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary, Russian Science Citation Index databases were searched for the available appropriate literature reports. The authors included 82 in the given review.