Predictors of cervical cancer screening service utilization among commercial sex workers in Northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough an opportunistic approach of cervical cancer screening strategy had been implemented in Ethiopia, utilization of screening services among women is still low, accounted < 1%. We hypothesize that commercial sex women in Ethiopia faced a number of obstacles in order to access screening services. Identifying the predictors influencing utilizations of the screening services is an essential effort to tailor screening program towards increasing the utilization.MethodsAn unmatched case-control study was implemented with a total sample size of 230 (46 cases and 184 controls). The study was conducted among commercial sex workers who attended confidential clinic opened for sex workers. Simple random sampling was employed. After the data were checked for completeness, consistency and accuracy, it was entered in to Epi nfo version 7 then exported to SPSS for further statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the profile of study participants. Logistic regression was employed to identify the predictors of cervical cancer screening uptake. P < 0.05 was computed to determine the level of statistical significance.ResultsCervical cancer screening utilization was associated with providers’ recommendation (AOR = 6.8; 95% CI: 2.3, 9.7), history of sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 6.9; 95% CI: 1.29, 7.2), frequency of facility visit (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 1.97, 11.8) and history of vaginal examination (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.68).ConclusionsThe level of cervical cancer screening service utilization was higher among women with history of STI, frequency of facility visit and providers’ recommendation. The level of cervical cancer screening service utilization was lower in women with previous vaginal examination.

Uptake of cervical cancer screening service and associated factors among age-eligible women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Primarily, among 24 studies, two case-control studies [24,41] were not considered in the prevalence estimation. Additionally, three studies [20,22,26] were excluded from prevalence estimation after checking funnel plot and the significance of Egger's regression test.…”

“…Five studies were included in this category of metaanalysis [24,30,31,41,42]. The likelihood of screening for cervical cancer among women with history of multiple sexual partners were 5.01 times (OR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2.61, 9.61) more likely to be screened for cervical cancer as compared to their counter parts.…”

“…Six studies were included in this category of metaanalysis [23,24,30,31,33,34]. Women who have admitted having history of multiple sexual partners were 4.8 times (OR = 4.8, 95%CI:3.8, 7.7) more likely to undergo screening for cervical cancer as compared to those who did not have such history.…”

Prevalence of Sexual Assault and Use of Emergency Contraceptives Among Female Commercial Sex Workers in Dodoma city, Central Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study.

“…Globally, female commercial sex workers (FCSW) differ from one place to another 2 . Commencementreasons into that business is still personal 1 but in developing countries, poverty 3 , lack of employment, civil war was mainly noted to be the courses 4 .…”

“…Most FCSW deal with infection preventions and leave aside consideration about their reproductive health concerns 23 . 23.7% of women in Ethiopia with cervical cancer were noted to engage themselves in commercial sex workwhich showed that, they were predisposed 4 . Study done in India alsorevealedpredicament in counselling FCSW on how to breast-feed as they are constant at risk of being infected, hence most of them lack prenatal services as well as breast-feeding recommendation 24 .…”