Predictors of CRC Stage at Diagnosis among Male and Female Adults Participating in a Prospective Cohort Study: Findings from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project

Ghebrial, Monica; Aktary, Michelle L.; Wang, Qinggang; Spinelli, John J.; Shack, Lorraine; Robson, Paula J.; Kopciuk, Karen

doi:10.3390/curroncol28060414

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Gender. In some Western countries, the CRC incidence does not differ between female and male patients (Abotchie, Vernon, & Du, 2012; Ghebrial et al, 2021). The current study showed slight predominance of female patients, who constituted 53.4 % (95 % CI 49.2-57.5 %) of the study group.…”

Section: Clinical and Morphological Findingssupporting

confidence: 44%

Association of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Stemness and Inflammation in Colorectal Carcinoma. Doctoral Thesis

Briede¹

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) and its treatment is one of the hot topics in medicine, as there is a still a high number of patients with CRC and deaths from CRC. In the era of personalized medicine, a huge field of research is devoted to inflammation, a process that plays an important dual role in carcinogenesis. Survival studies have highlighted the prognostic significance of peritumoural inflammation in CRC. The current theoretical background allows us to link inflammation, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the closely associated stem cell differentiation in CRC. However, there is scarce direct morphological evidence. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of inflammation in cancer growth and invasion by analyzing the association between inflammation and known morphological prognostic features of CRC, EMT, and mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression. Materials and methods: This retrospective, morphological, and immunohistochemical investigation involved 553 consecutive cases of surgically treated CRC. Besides histopathological CRC assessment, peritumoural inflammation, EMT-characterizing molecular parameters, and MMR protein immunohistochemical detection within CRC tissue was performed. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. The research was carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Committee of Ethics of Riga Stradins University [No E-9 (2), 04.09.2014].Results: The tumours of the 553 CRC cases were predominantly located in the left part of the bowel (70.9 %), and were significantly associated with an annular appearance and smaller size (p < 0.05). Mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas detected within this study were associated with a larger tumour size and significant local structure involvement. Locally advanced tumours predominated within this study: pT3 comprised 49.6 % of cases, pT4 comprised 35.6 % of cases, and pN + comprised 40.5 % of cases. The extent of necrosis was significantly higher in tumours with higher pT, grade, and pN+. There were significant associations between high-grade inflammation and lower pT (p = 0.002), the absence of lymph node metastases (p< 0.001), and less frequent local structure involvement (p< 0.05). Expression of EMT markers and MMR proteins yielded no significant associations with peritumoural inflammation based on the Klintrup-Mäkinen score or the density of lymphoid follicles. Nevertheless, E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with the eosinophil density (p = 0.007), and lower N-cadherin expression was significantly associated with the presence of synchronous CRC. Lower MMR protein expression was associated with changes in E-cadherin and CD44 expression (p< 0.05). Lower MLH1 expression was associated with a lower neutrophil density within the CRC (p = 0.02).Conclusion: High-grade peritumoural inflammation is associated with beneficial morphologic CRC features, including less frequent invasion, and is not secondary to tissue damage and necrosis. Crohn’s disease-like lymphoid reaction (CLR) is not associated with cancer spread by pTN; this finding indirectly suggests an independent role of CLR in carcinogenesis. Further, inflammation based on the Klintrup-Mäkinen score and CLR are not dependent on EMT and stem cell differentiation. MMR protein expression is a marker for EMT within CRC, indicating the need to perform these tests on routine examination to detect patients who might need more advance treatment. MLH1 expression within CRC affects the density of neutrophils within peritumoural inflammation, showing a potential role for the MMR status in anti-tumour immunity. This research highlights the complex associations between inflammation, tumour morphology, EMT, and MMR protein expression in human CRC tissues.

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Section: Clinical and Morphological Findingssupporting

confidence: 44%

Association of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Stemness and Inflammation in Colorectal Carcinoma. Doctoral Thesis

Briede¹

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“…After univariate analysis, the results of the research were carried out using bivariate analysis, namely by using the chi-square test, the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable with the significance limit of the p-value statistical calculation (0.05) [6], the following results were obtained:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Influence the Occurrence of Wasting in Toddlers

Lestari

Hafsah

Elvieta

et al. 2023

PoS

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The general objective of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence wasting in toddlers at the Health Center. The research design used in this study was quantitative and qualitative with a cross-sectional approach. These approaches are carried out to answer research questions that cannot be fully answered with just one approach. Based on the study's results, there was no relationship between family income and the incidence of wasting in toddlers, as indicated by the results of the chi-square test analysis, p = 0.230 > 0.05 with a prevalence rate of 1.296 (95% CI) with a 1.29 chance. The chi-square test obtained p = 0.230 > 0.05 with a prevalence rate of 1.296 (95% CI), meaning there is no relationship between family income and wasting in toddlers, but families with income < Rp. 2,246,725 has a 1.29 times chance of having underweight toddlers compared to families with income ≥ Rp. 2,246,725. Based on the results of the study, there was no relationship between mother's knowledge and the incidence of wasting in toddlers, as indicated by the results of the chisquare test analysis obtained a p-value of 0.001 <0.05 with a prevalence rate of 0.655 (95% CI) which means that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge and wasting in toddlers. Still, mothers with poor knowledge have a 0.655 times chance of having a thin baby compared to mothers with good knowledge.

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“…Apart from treatments once cancer occurs, it is important to recognize the disease as soon as possible to increase the chances of recovery [5][6][7][8]. One reason why lung cancer is the deadliest cancer type is that it is difficult to detect in early stages and hard to cure in an advanced stage [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Intelligence for Cancer Detection—A Bibliometric Analysis and Avenues for Future Research

Karger

Kureljusic

2023

Current Oncology

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After cardiovascular diseases, cancer is responsible for the most deaths worldwide. Detecting a cancer disease early improves the chances for healing significantly. One group of technologies that is increasingly applied for detecting cancer is artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has great potential to support clinicians and medical practitioners as it allows for the early detection of carcinomas. During recent years, research on artificial intelligence for cancer detection grew a lot. Within this article, we conducted a bibliometric study of the existing research dealing with the application of artificial intelligence in cancer detection. We analyzed 6450 articles on that topic that were published between 1986 and 2022. By doing so, we were able to give an overview of this research field, including its key topics, relevant outlets, institutions, and articles. Based on our findings, we developed a future research agenda that can help to advance research on artificial intelligence for cancer detection. In summary, our study is intended to serve as a platform and foundation for researchers that are interested in the potential of artificial intelligence for detecting cancer.

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Predictors of CRC Stage at Diagnosis among Male and Female Adults Participating in a Prospective Cohort Study: Findings from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project

Cited by 9 publications

References 103 publications

Association of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Stemness and Inflammation in Colorectal Carcinoma. Doctoral Thesis

Association of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition, Stemness and Inflammation in Colorectal Carcinoma. Doctoral Thesis

Factors That Influence the Occurrence of Wasting in Toddlers

Artificial Intelligence for Cancer Detection—A Bibliometric Analysis and Avenues for Future Research

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