Predictors of early death, serious hemorrhage, and differentiation syndrome in Japanese patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia

Absolute Circulating Leukemic Cells as a Risk Factor for Early Bleeding Events in Patients with Non-High-Risk Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

“…As reported, factors associated with high bleeding risk include presenting WBC counts ranging from 10 × 109/L to 30 × 109/L. 13 , 18 , 19 , 26–28 , 32–35 However, some studies have proved that there is no significant association between WBC count and bleeding risk. 23 , 36 , 37 Thus, the value of the WBC count as a risk factor for early bleeding events is limited, especially in non-high-risk APL.…”

“…Among all the parameters involved in early fatal bleeding events, WBC count is frequently related to APL disease burden and served as a convenient predictor of fatal hemorrhage in APL at diagnosis in some studies. 13 , 18 , 19 , 26–35 However, other studies have proved that there is no significant association between WBC count and bleeding risk. 36 , 37 Thus, the value of WBC count as a risk factor for early bleeding events is limited, especially in non-high-risk APL patients with normal or low WBC counts.…”

Coagulopathy in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Can We Go Beyond Supportive Care?

“…Notably, the association between fibrinogen level at diagnosis and increased hemorrhagic events was not found in other retrospective studies (39,44). Even though thrombocytopenia is common in APL, reports vary on the association of baseline thrombocytopenia with increased hemorrhage (39,(42)(43)(44). More so, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are not consistently associated with bleeding risk (11,45).…”

“…Higher white blood cell (WBC) count and decreased fibrinogen at presentation is associated with increased risk of severe or fatal bleeding (12,39,(41)(42)(43). Notably, the association between fibrinogen level at diagnosis and increased hemorrhagic events was not found in other retrospective studies (39,44). Even though thrombocytopenia is common in APL, reports vary on the association of baseline thrombocytopenia with increased hemorrhage (39,(42)(43)(44).…”

miR‑let‑7c‑3p targeting on Egr‑1 contributes to the committed differentiation of leukemia cells into monocyte/macrophages

“…Therefore, it is necessary to actively explore new intervention targets and corresponding targeted drugs on the basis of in-depth exploration of the key mechanisms of leukemia differentiation disorders. It is the superiority of the aforementioned induced differentiation therapy that has made differentiation induction a research hotspot in recent years (12)(13)(14)(15). Expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) is a member of the early growth response protein family, which has been considered to be of great significance in a variety of physiological processes and has been extensively studied (16,17), especially in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and immune response of tumors (18,19).…”