Predictors of neonatal sepsis in developing countries

Weber, Martin; Carlin, John B.; Gatchalian, Salvacion; Lehmann, Deborah; Muhe, Lulu; Mulholland, E. Kim

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000078163.80807.88

Cited by 126 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This observation is in accordance with reports from two other developing countries 8 . Similarly in a study conducted by Martin M Meremikwu et al in Nigeria, they found that Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 48.7% and E coli in 23.4% as the most frequent isolates 4 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture Isolates in Kanti Children Hospital

Karki

Kumar

Manandhar

2010

J. Nepal Paedtr. Soc.

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Introduction: As antibiotic sensitivity pattern to common pathogen has been changing day by day, so it has been necessary to study about bacteriological analysis and antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze on data on bacteremia in children, the pathogen involved and sensitivity pattern. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of blood culture isolates from Kanti Children Hospital. Method: All blood culture reports (n=9856) during one year period (April 2007 to March 2008 included in the study were analyzed and the sensitivity pattern were recorded. In this retrospective study, we reviewed records of patients from Kanti Children Hospital from April 2007 to March 2008. Results: The positivity of blood culture was 4.2% (414/9856). Out of them, 269 (65%) were positive for Staphylococcus aures, 121(29.3%) E coli, 13(3.1%) Klebsiella pneumonia, 6(1.4%) Streptococcus pneumonia and 5(1.2%) Streptococcus viridence. Staphylococcus aureus was found most sensitive to Chloramphenicol (88.8%) followed by Amikacin (87.5%), Ofloxacin (76.5%), Ciprofloxacin (72%) and least sensitive to Ampicillin, Cloxacillin and Penicillin. E.coli was found most sensitive to Amikacin (74.7%) followed by Ofloxacin (69.9%), Ciprofloxacin (56.4%) and least sensitive to Cephalexin, Gentamycin and Ampicillin. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found most sensitive to Amikacin (91.7%) followed by Ofloxacin (87.5%), Chloramphenical (81.8%) and least sensitive to Cotrimoxazole and Gentamycin. It is 100% resistance to Ampicillin and Erythromycin. Streptococcus pneumoniae was most sensitive to Penicillin, Chloramphenical (100%) followed by Ampicillin and Erythromycin (83.3%) and least sensitive to Cotrimoxazole. Streptococcus viridence was most sensitive to Chloramphenical (100%) followed by Erythromycin (80%), Penicillin (75%) and least sensitive to Cotrimoxazole. Conclusion: This highlights the variable nature of antibiotic susceptibility patterns both in time and location around different geographical locations and within the same country as well. Therefore, it is advisable to continuously evaluate the sensitivity-resistance pattern of isolates so as to make a rational use of antibiotics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture Isolates in Kanti Children Hospital

Karki

Kumar

Manandhar

2010

J. Nepal Paedtr. Soc.

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“…The age at presentation of LONNS in our study was day 8 in scalp shaved group and day 6 in no scalp shaved group, which was different from Weber et al 12 (10 th day),and mean weight(2818 gms) was less than…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…Weber et al 12 (3121 gms) but reflecting our natonal average of 2800 gms. 8 There was no significant difference between the scalp and non scalp shaven groups as regards to their age of presentation, sex, birth weight, GA at birth, mode and place of delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ritual scalp shaving-a risk factor for community acquired late onset neonatal sepsis

Sen

Mondal

Roy

et al. 2014

J Coll Med Sci-Nepal

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BackgroundNeonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality at the community and hospital levels in India. There are several community practices associated with and contributing to Neonatal sepsis, especially late onset variety. ObjectiveTo analyze whether scalp shaving is an independent risk factor associated with community acquired late onset neonatal sepsis and the causative organism responsible.

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“…9 Using a rule requiring observation of at least 1 of 9 clinical signs of sepsis and other severe illness, the authors found a diagnostic performance of clinical assessment of 0.83 sensitivity and 0.62 specificity. For the hypothetical POCT for sepsis we assumed the same sensitivity as clinical assessment to ensure parity in survival.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 However, the detection of bloodstream infections presents a number of challenges. Clinical assessment using algorithms such as the World Health Organization (WHO) Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) and WHO Integrated Management of Adolescent and Adult Illness (IMAI) can be rapid but lack sensitivity and specificity, 9 which risks overtreatment of patients without sepsis and failure to treat others. Blood cultures are considered the reference standard laboratory tests for the detection of bloodstream infections, but these lack sensitivity and do not produce results in a timeframe that can inform initial patient management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Requirements to Achieve Cost-Effectiveness of Point-of-Care Tests for Sepsis Among Patients with Febrile Illness in Low-Resource Settings

Penno

Crump

Baird

2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Bacterial sepsis is an important cause of mortality in low-and middle-income countries, yet distinguishing patients with sepsis from those with other illnesses remains a challenge. Currently, management decisions are based on clinical assessment using algorithms such as Integrated Management of Adolescent and Adult Illness. Efforts to develop and evaluate point-of-care tests (POCTs) for sepsis to guide decisions on the use of antimicrobials are underway. To establish the minimum performance characteristics of such a test, we varied the characteristics of a hypothetical POCT for sepsis required for it to be cost-effective and applied a decision tree model to a population of febrile patients presenting at the district hospital level in a low-resource setting. We used a case fatality probability of 20% for appropriately treated sepsis and of 50% for inappropriately treated sepsis. On the basis of clinical assessment for sepsis with established sensitivity of 0.83 and specificity of 0.62, we found that a POCT for sepsis with a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.94 was cost-effective, resulting in parity in survival but costing $1.14 less per live saved. A POCT with accuracy equivalent to the best malaria rapid diagnostic test was cheaper and more effective than clinical assessment.

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Predictors of neonatal sepsis in developing countries

Cited by 126 publications

References 14 publications

Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture Isolates in Kanti Children Hospital

Bacteriological Analysis and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Blood Culture Isolates in Kanti Children Hospital

Ritual scalp shaving-a risk factor for community acquired late onset neonatal sepsis

Performance Requirements to Achieve Cost-Effectiveness of Point-of-Care Tests for Sepsis Among Patients with Febrile Illness in Low-Resource Settings

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