Predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder among burn patients in Pakistan: The role of reconstructive surgery in post-burn psychosocial adjustment

Waqas, Ahmed; Raza, Nahal; Zahid, Termina; Rehman, Abdul; Hamid, Tooba; Hanif, Atif; Jamal, Mehak; Farrukh, Ayesha; Azam, Abeera; Turk, Marvee; Chaudhry, M. Ashraf

doi:10.1016/j.burns.2017.09.012

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with another multicenter study in Pakistan that reported a prevalence of PTSD of 69% among burn patients [ 9 ]. Surprisingly, these figures from Pakistan are significantly higher than those in western countries [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These disturbing symptoms include nightmares, upsetting ideations, distress, avoidance, sleep disturbances and associated flashbacks [ 8 ]. Waqas et al reported a very high prevalence of PTSD among burn patients, with a prevalence rate as high as 69% [ 9 ]. The high incidence and severity of PTSD have been associated with extensive post-burn scarring, female gender, large burn surface area, pretraumatic depressive behaviors, low psychological resilience, and inadequate social support [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waqas et al reported a very high prevalence of PTSD among burn patients, with a prevalence rate as high as 69% [ 9 ]. The high incidence and severity of PTSD have been associated with extensive post-burn scarring, female gender, large burn surface area, pretraumatic depressive behaviors, low psychological resilience, and inadequate social support [ 9 ]. However, those who are provided with emotional help and mitigation are less likely to develop symptoms of PTSD [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorders and Perceived Social Support among Patients with Burn Injury

Ashfaq¹,

Lashari²,

Saleem³

et al. 2018

Cureus

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IntroductionBurns are a serious public health problem globally, causing an estimated 265,000 deaths per year. Although the association of burn injuries with mortality and morbidity rates has been well established, data on their psychological consequences are scarce. The present study explores the frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and perceived social support among patients with burn injuries in Pakistan.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at two teaching hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan from May 2015 to July 2015. Eighty patients with burn injuries were included by convenience sampling and interviewed with a specifically designed questionnaire with items on demographics, and the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) instruments.ResultsData were analyzed for a total of 80 participants: 56 women (70.0%) and 24 men (30.0%). Mean age was 35.74 (11.15) years. A high proportion of participants perceived highest social support from friends, reported high ego resiliency levels, had more severe symptoms of avoidance and intrusion, and had high overall PTSD scores. There were no differences between groups in the proportions of respondents who reported high perceived social support from significant others or family, overall social support or symptoms of hyperarousal.ConclusionThe findings reflect a high frequency of PTSD symptomatology and poor social support among Pakistani patients with burn injuries in our sample. These factors can exacerbate the patient’s physical injury, delaying both their physical and mental rehabilitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorders and Perceived Social Support among Patients with Burn Injury

Ashfaq¹,

Lashari²,

Saleem³

et al. 2018

Cureus

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“…Traumatic injury can be a significant precipitating event for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; e.g. [4][5][6][7],), which, in its chronic form, is tenacious and debilitating [8,9], and which early cognitive behavioral interventions may efficiently mitigate [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating a screener to quantify PTSD risk using emergency care information: a proof of concept study

et al. 2020

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Background: Previous work has indicated that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, measured by the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) within 60 days of trauma exposure, can reliably produce likelihood estimates of chronic PTSD among trauma survivors admitted to acute care centers. Administering the CAPS is burdensome, requires skilled professionals, and relies on symptoms that are not fully expressed upon acute care admission. Predicting chronic PTSD from peritraumatic responses, which are obtainable upon acute care admission, has yielded conflicting results, hence the rationale for a stepwise screening-and-prediction practice. This work explores the ability of peritraumatic responses to produce risk likelihood estimates of early CAPS-based PTSD symptoms indicative of chronic PTSD risk. It specifically evaluates the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ) as a risk-likelihood estimator.Methods: We used individual participant data (IPD) from five acute care studies that used both the PDEQ and the CAPS (n = 647). Logistic regression calculated the probability of having CAPS scores ≥ 40 between 30 and 60 days after trauma exposure across the range of initial PDEQ scores, and evaluated the added contribution of age, sex, trauma type, and prior trauma exposure. Brier scores, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the mean slope of the calibration line evaluated the accuracy and precision of the predicted probabilities. Results: Twenty percent of the sample had CAPS ≥ 40. PDEQ severity significantly predicted having CAPS ≥ 40 symptoms (p < 0.001). Incremental PDEQ scores produced a reliable estimator of CAPS ≥ 40 likelihood. An individual risk estimation tool incorporating PDEQ and other significant risk indicators is provided. Conclusion: Peritraumatic reactions, measured here by the PDEQ, can reliably quantify the likelihood of acute PTSD symptoms predictive of chronic PTSD and requiring clinical attention. Using them as a screener in a stepwise chronic PTSD prediction strategy may reduce the burden of later CAPS-based assessments. Other peritraumatic metrics may perform similarly and their use requires similar validation.Trial registration: Jerusalem Trauma Outreach and Prevention Study (J-TOPS): NCT00146900.

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“…Empirical evidence shows that PTSD symptoms, social anxiety, and internalized shame are highly comorbid (Armenian et al, 2000;Brewin, Andrews, & Valentine, 2000;Collimore, Carleton, Hofmann, & Asmundson, 2010;Frueh, Turner, Beidel, & Cahill, 2001). The study conducted in Pakistan showed the prevalence of PTSD in burn victims, and 69 percent of prevalence was reported (Waqas et al, 2018). A study on acid burn victims in Pakistan indicated negative association between PTSD and resilience (Bibi, Kalim, & Khalid, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD Symptomatology and Social Anxiety Among Retired Army Officers: Mediating Role of Internalized Shame

Shehzad

Ahsan

Abbasi

2020

PJPR

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The present study was conducted to analyze the mediating role of internalized shame in the relationship between post traumatic stress disorder symptoms and social anxiety among retired army officers. A sample of 200 male retired army officers aged 45-75 years with minimum education of 14 years was collected through purposive convenient sampling technique. Self-reported measures, including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 (Weathers et al., 2013), Internalized Shame Scale (Cook & Coccimiglio, 2001), and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (Mattick & Clarke, 1998) were administered for data collection. Results yielded internalized shame and post traumatic stress disorder symptoms as significant positive predictors of social anxiety. Moreover, internalized shame significantly mediated the relationship between post traumatic stress disorder symptoms and social anxiety. The current study would help to enhance knowledge about the influence of traumas/ disasters on retired army officers and the subsequent problems that might emerge because of the existing problem, in turn affecting the positive post-traumatic growth.

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Predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder among burn patients in Pakistan: The role of reconstructive surgery in post-burn psychosocial adjustment

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Exploring Symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorders and Perceived Social Support among Patients with Burn Injury

Exploring Symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorders and Perceived Social Support among Patients with Burn Injury

Evaluating a screener to quantify PTSD risk using emergency care information: a proof of concept study

PTSD Symptomatology and Social Anxiety Among Retired Army Officers: Mediating Role of Internalized Shame

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